International Conference, March 4-5, 2013 Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty University of Brawijaya, Malang Indonesia.

ACCESSIBLE TOURISM THE TOURISM WITHOUT BARRIERS IN ARCHITECTURE AND TOURISM DESIGN
By, EKO NURSANTY Dept. of Architecture; UNTAG University, Semarang, INDONESIA

Abstract
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The growth of people because of elderly in the world today. The market represents an opportunity for new investment and new service requirements. Modern society is increasingly aware of the concept of integration of people with disabilities

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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Background
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The high level of human health, today. The varying approaches taken to defining disability notwithstanding, demographers agree that the world population of individuals with disabilities is very large. Research shows that disabled people are loyal customers, often returning to places that provide good accessibility.

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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Definition
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A disability may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory, emotional, developmental or some combination of these. A disability may be present from birth, or occur during a person's lifetime.

covering impairments Disabilities

activity limitations participation restrictions

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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The Fact
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Currently around 10 per cent of the total world's population, or roughly 650 million people, live with a disability. In most of the OECD countries, females have higher rates of disability than males. (http://www.disabledworld.com)
By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

Population

Woithout dissability Dissability

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Disabled Tourist To Be Accessible Tourism

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According to ENAT (European Network for Accessible Tourism), the European Network for Accessible Tourism, accessible tourism includes:
Barrier-free destinations: infrastructure and facilities Transport: by air, land and sea, suitable for all users High quality services: delivered by trained staff Activities, exhibits, attractions: allowing participation in tourism by everyone Marketing, bookingThe Era Of Uncertainty 3/4-5/2013 & systems, web sites By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In services: information accessible to all

Tourism System Theory

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One of the most of commonly cited approaches to tourism system study was proposed who identified that they are composed of five interdependent elements are :

tourist

movement

region

at least one tourist; at least one tourist region; at least one transit region; at least one tourist destination and at least a travel and tourism industry that facilitates movement within the system.

destination

transit

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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The Tourism Industry

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A generation of permanently disabled people is getting increased opportunities of equal employment, education and leisure, the needs for disabled tourists are also being taken notice of. There is already an established tourism market for senior citizens. People with disabilities have the same motivation to travelBy, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

Photo: . The Okurayama Viewing Point is one of Sapporo's most famous sightseeing spots. by, Hokkaido.

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Model of Tourist
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Model tourist are identified as being influenced by the human, socio cultural, economic, technology, physical, political and legal environments in which they are operating. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty By, Eko Nursanty.
Legal Environments Political

Human

Socio Cultural

Model Tourist
Economic

Technology

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Tourist Facility
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Accessibility refers to how easy it is for everybody to approach, enter and use buildings, outdoor areas and other facilities, independently, without the need for special arrangements. Providing information on accessibility and improving access benefits a wide range of people who want to travel.

Disable sign board at Asakusa Kannon Temple is a Buddhist temple located in Asakusa. By, Asa.

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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Accessibility needs in Tourism

According to ENAT
Harris Beach State Park, Brookings, Oregon. Accessible boardwalk created with wheelchair ramps. By, JoeDuck (2012)

Barrier-free destinations

Accessible Information

Suitable Transport

Activities allowing participation

High quality services

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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Tourist Experience Of People With Disabilities

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Theoretical foundations

Kapiti Island coast accessible beach, wheelchair ramp, Paekakariki, Wellington, New Zealand. By, Akos Kokai (2012)

Leisure, tourism and disability studies are interdisciplinary, each with their own particular theoretical foundations. Even though all three fields were an integral part of this multidisciplinary research project that involved a highly experiential approach.

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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Tourist Experience Of People With Disabilities

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Understanding the needs of disabled people

Mount Koya (Koyasan) Center of Shingon Buddhism, Japan. By, Nara.

Implementing basic adjustments to a facility, providing accurate information, and understanding the needs of disabled people has resulted in an increased number of visitors . Improving the accessibility of tourism services increases their quality and their enjoyment for all tourists.
By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty 3/4-5/2013

The Process by Experience and Recount the Lives

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Reference by Paul Ricoeur's (1984) treatise on life and narrative helps elucidate the process by which people experience and recount their lives and stories. Reference by Ricour (1984), once events and human action or activities in a person's life are shaped or configured into a comprehensible plot or narrative, the person is then able to refigure his or her own world in light of the possibilities offered by experiencing the world of the text
By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty 3/4-5/2013

Tourism In The Leisure Of People With Disability

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Leisure and tourism are key aspects of many societies in which people with or without disabilities should have the freedom to participate. Clearly it is not only environmental factors or the person's impairment that affect the experience. Attitudes, sense and feelings are intangible factors that nevertheless can have a tangible influence or significant role in the constant interplay The inner and outer worlds of the disabled tourist. By, Darcy (2011) between the inner and outer worldNursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty 3/4-5/2013 By, Eko of the tourist

Case Study-Heritage Sites

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The Polemic

Disable route for whellchair at Asakusa Kannon Temple is a Buddhist temple located in Asakusa

The polemic context focuses on conservation within heritage settings as well as adopting an inclusive disability centered approach. Notions of authenticity form the conservational parameters, in terms of recommending caution to heritage bodies as to potential irreversible infringements on historic settings when considering improving disabled access to sites. Prior to investigating the ideological clash between disability and conservation, it is important to offer an explanation of what constitutes disability and how it is regarded by various quarters.
By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty 3/4-5/2013

The Authenticity Of The Location And Eligibility For Disabled Facilities

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The essence is investigates how a consensus may be reached between conservational ideologies and the emancipation of disabled people. The formulation of a paradigm is therefore proposed whereby the interests of both conservational and inclusive ideologies are carefully considered. This paradigmatic intervention would ensure a compromise is reached and, in the context of disabilityorientated changes to heritage sites, would ensure a level of acceptability in terms of associated conflicts between societal inclusion ideologies and conservation.
Accessible yurt in Pinery Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada. By, Cletch (2012)

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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Conclusion
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Accessible tourism is a form of tourism that involves collaborative process between stakeholders that enables people with access requirements, including mobility, vision, hearing and cognitive dimension of access, to function independently and with equity and dignity through the delivery of universally designed tourism products, services and universally
designed environments. tourism products, services and environments.

Access mobility

stakeholders enable people with access requirements

Acce ss visio n
Acces s hearin g
Cognitiv e dimensi on of access

stakeholders enable people with access requirements stakeholders enable people with access requirements

stakeholders enable people with access requirements

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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Conclusion
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Travel as a metaphor for the journey of self knowledge also resonates with the metaphor of recovery Self as a journey of knowledge experiencing healing that moves the self The journey beyond the stasis of depression. In this study women draw upon gendered discourse to articulate their recoveringPlanning In The Era Of Uncertainty identity By, Eko Nursanty. in relation to travel

The journey Experience healing

self beyond the stasis of depression The journey

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Conclusion
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Travel as narrative of escape from gendered expectations of home, travel as a pleasurable form of risk taking and travel as quest for a purposeful identity beyond deficit and depression. However, the specifics of universal design within tourism require quite detailed approaches to understand the way spaces and places are used. An understanding of the nuances of universal approaches for accessible tourism is a necessary precursor to any move to operationalise the concept for the tourism industry.

escape

pleasurabl e

Universal Design for the SPACE NEEDS

purposefu l identity

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

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Conclusion
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Any work that seeks to establish the nuances of universal design in relation to tourism is important because of the conceptual state of the current literature. Yet in related fields such as architecture, universal design is a well developed body of knowledge, which is used to create enabling environments for all types of embodiments. (Baucom & Grosch, 1996)

enabling environments for all types of embodiment

conceptual state

establish the nuances of universal design

By, Eko Nursanty. Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

3/4-5/2013