COMMUNICATION

Latin word communis

 Communication is a process an activity that serves to connect senders and receivers of messages through space and time The only choice we can make about communication is whether we are going to attempt to communicate effectively.

 When the message sent is received and understood by the receiver in the same sense , as the sender wants to convey ,effective communication takes place. When the receiver misunderstands a message we consider it a distortion in communication

Why so much importance?

The need for improved business communication strategies is being driven by the fast demands of business, globalization, and the technology revolution, as well as leadership challenges that require improved business communication strategies and skills at company, team or group, and individual levels.

 Communication may be stated, is much more than an understanding of the spoken or written language. It is a composite of symbols gestures, and illustrations that accompany either the spoken or the written word.

Definition
The interchange of thought or information to bring about mutual understanding and confidence or good human relation ( American Society of Training Directors) Communication is the transmission and interchange of facts, ideas, feelings or course of action ( Leland Brown) Communication is the process by which information is tansmitted between individuals and organisations so that an understanding response results (Peter Little)

Nature of communication
Organisations communication systems Subsystems transmits information and data Maintains superior subordinate relationship Involves sender and receiver

 The nature of communication is exchange of message and interaction

 Effective communication is an essential component of organizational success whether it is at the interpersonal, intergroup, intragroup, organizational, or external levels.

Purpose ( Functions)
Instructive Integration Informing Evaluation Directive Influencing

Incidental neutral Teaching Image projecting Orientation Interview Others

Objectives of communication
Information Advice Order Persuasion Warning Motivation Suggestion Education Raising morale

Media of communication
Media of oral communication Media of written communication Media of visual communication Action media of communication Numerical Media

Seven Cs of communication
Credibility Courtesy Clarity Correctness Consistency Concreteness Conciseness

4Ss of communication
Shortness Simplicity Strength Sincerity

Factors responsible
Large size organisation Technological improvements Growth of trade union activities Emphasis on human relations Public relations

Seven Steps of effective communication

What and why Select channel Select encoding technique Consider barrier Send message Check for understanding Obtain feedback from recipient

AIDA principle
ATTENTION INTEREST DESIRE ACTION

Attention
Creating a strong brand image for the organisation Having a recognisable logo Simple slogans and base line Using headlines Being provocative

Interest
Using human interest stories and case studies photographs and illustrations Facts and figures Charts and diagrams WHY and not WHAT

Desire
Making a case, creating a rationale for action Showing the impact that an intervention can make and depicting this in human terms Showing how other people have been able to make a difference and what this meant to them Using endorsements

Action
Showing people what they can do Providing a response mechanism

Difference between communication and organisational communication

Organizational communication, broadly speaking, is: people working together to achieve individual or collective goals The purpose of communication may range from completing a task or mission to creating and maintaining satisfying human relationships The structure of an organization is determined in part by the network of channels or paths along which information must flow between members or subunits.

Developing Effective Business Communication within a Company or Organization

Identify internal and external requirements for communication (documents and presentations). Identify resources/strengths. Identify barriers (process, personal skills, interpersonal, hardware, software, standards, etc.). Develop and implement processes that will eliminate or decrease the barriers. Determine the type of support (for example, hardware/software/networks) that can be useful. Establish/adopt templates/standards for documents and presentations. Determine what training support is needed to increase effectiveness and meet requirements.

The Communication Process

says what. . . Who. . . Message to whom. . . in what way. . . Receiver

. . . with what effect

Elements of communication
Sender/encoder/speaker Reciever/decoder/listener Message Medium Feedback

Classification of communication
Intrapersonal communication Interpersonal communication Group communication small group, large group Organisational communication formal , informal Mass communication

Principles of Effective Communication

Clear Concise Complete Correct Objective Active listening

Inductive logic
Reasoning from the particular to the general. Perfect induction is when the general premise has been derived from direct observation of all possible particulars.

 Induction is a form of reasoning that makes generalizations based on individual instances. From particular to universal Eg: All the observed crows are black, therefore all crows are black

Deductive logic
Predicts particular outcomes from prior general hypotheses that is, it proceeds from the general to the particular Eg: All men are mortal. (major premise) Socrates is a man. (minor premise) Socrates is mortal. (conclusion)

 Eg:Tom is allergic to peanuts. This candy has peanuts in it. Therefore, Tom should not eat this candy

 Deductive reasoning goes from all (a general rule) to one (a specific case). Inductive reasoning goes from one (a bunch of single data) to all (a general conclusion).