BEKC 4783 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

CIK NUR MAISARAH BT MOHD SOBRAN B/1 17

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
nurmaisarah@utem.edu.my
With Thanks: En. Mohd Fairuz En. Mohd Razali Bin Mohamad Sapiee

Artificial Intelligent Overview

Objectives
To introduce student to the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI). To understand what is meant by AI. To introduce fuzzy logic and neural networks as AI techniques. To introduce some applications of Fuzzy logic and Neural networks.

What Is Human Intelligence?

In general, intelligence means the ability to learn, understand and think in a logical way about things (Oxford). Encyclopedia Britannica - The ability to adapt effectively to the environment, either by making a change in oneself or by changing the environment. It embodies learning (a change in oneself). manufacturing and sheltering (changing the environment). migration (finding a new environment).
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One way to understand intelligence is by looking at our own capabilities, which means that humans are able to:
think understand recognize generalize adapt learn make decisions solve daily problems perceive

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Several Forms Of Intelligence Of Biological Systems

Capability to Learn Capability to Generalize/Classify Capability to Survive Gathering of Information Recognizing Patterns

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Babies learn from the day they were born!

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Several Forms Of Intelligence Of Biological Systems

Capability to Learn Capability to Generalize/Classify Capability to Survive Gathering of Information Recognizing Patterns

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Generalization And Classification

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Several Forms Of Intelligence Of Biological Systems Capability to Learn Capability to Generalize/Classify Capability to Survive Gathering of Information Recognizing Patterns

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Human Survive in difficult situation

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Several Forms Of Intelligence Of Biological Systems Capability to Learn Capability to Generalize/Classify Capability to Survive Gathering of Information Recognizing Patterns

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Gathering Information

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Several Forms Of Intelligence Of Biological Systems Capability to Learn Capability to Generalize/Classify Capability to Survive Gathering of Information Recognizing Patterns

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Humans Are Good At Recognizing Patterns

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Humans are good at understanding even difficult handwritings - thus human recognition capability is robust

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Other Forms Of Intelligence Of Biological Systems Include:

Self-repair Self-guidance Reproduction Making decisions Reasoning capability Predicting/forecasting Understanding noisy or fuzzy information
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What Is Artificial Intelligence?

Based on Oxford: Artificial made or produced to copy something natural. Intelligence - the ability to learn, understand and think in a logical way about things.

Artificial Intelligence an area of study concerned with making computers copy intelligent human behavior.
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What Is Artificial Intelligence?

It is a branch of science which deals with helping machines find solutions to complex problems in a more human-like fashion. This generally involves borrowing characteristics from human intelligence and applying them as algorithms in a computer friendly way.

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What is intelligent systems ?

Intelligent system is a system which can exhibit human intelligence by applying artificial intelligence approaches.

Why build intelligent systems ?

To decrease the level of human supervision to the systems. Intelligent systems can give better solutions.
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Advantages of artificial intelligent systems ?

Machines can be used to take on complex and stressful work that would be otherwise performed by humans. Machines can complete the task faster than a human assigned to do the same task. Use of robotics to discover unexplored landscape, outer space and also be useful in our home activities. Less danger, injury and stress to humans as the work is done by a artificially intelligent machine. Less errors and defects.
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Disadvantages of Artificial intelligent systems ?

Lacks the human touch. Human qualities are sometimes ignored. The ability to replace a human job. This gives rise to humans feeling insecure and may have the fear of losing their job. Artificial Intelligence can malfunction and do the opposite of what they are programmed to do.

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Disadvantages of Artificial intelligent systems ?

Can AI turn against human?

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Disadvantages of Artificial intelligent systems ?

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What is the implication of adding intelligence in machines?

If artificial systems can be made more robust, costly redesigns can be reduced or eliminated. If higher level of adaptation can be achieved, existing systems can perform their functions longer and better If machines can be made to be self-organized then less operations are needed by humans
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Is there really an intelligent machine or device?

Lets look at a so-called intelligent device thats already available in the market

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Example of Products with AI

Genie Fuzzy Logic Jar Cookers

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Example of Products with AI

It also has a NeuroFuzzy Logic Systema smart system that knowsyour lifestyle and learns your pattern of use(like what time the doors are most frequently opened or closed) and controls the refrigerator accordingly either through quick cooling, low cool or defrosting.

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Example of Products with AI

This Refrigerator has a Neuro-Fuzzy Control System For Door Cooling and Super-Cooling and Freezing)
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Example of Products with AI

Fuzzy Gear-shift Control In Proton Perdana

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Example of Products with AI

Wood Recognition By Neural Networks

Manual inspection

Bintangor Durian Nyatoh Ramin

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Is there really an Intelligent Machine/System?

From this point of view it appears that an intelligent system (or device) contains a collection of simple features that jointly make the system easy to use

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Can Machines Be Developed To Have Intelligence?

Perhaps one way to do this is to develop algorithms based on human or animal intelligence

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Some Examples of Artificial Intelligence Techniques

Expert Systems Fuzzy Logic Subject Topics Neural Networks Genetic Algorithms Many AI techniques have Chaos Theory been developed based on Rough Sets biological systems/behavior Artificial Life, etc. DNA Computing Quantum Computing
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Fuzzy Logic Has Been Developed From The Human Reasoning Process
Dragon Fly 6 legs wings Body with 3 parts Insect

Knowledge Base

Infer

This is a dragon fly!

Sensor

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Artificial Neural Network Or ANN Is The Term Used To Describe A Computer Model Assumption Of The Biological Brain.
Dendrites

Nucleus

Soma

Axon

An information-processing system that has certain performance characteristics in common with biological neural networks
AN ARTIFICIAL NEURON

Synapse

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wji
f(netj)

oj

wji

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Intelligent Systems Design

Expert systems Expert systems Fuzzy logic Fuzzy logic Neural Neural networks networks . .

Intelligent ManMachine Interface

Cognition
Algorithms, computations

TASKS

Execution

Intelligent machine Perception

(Sensors)
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Why The Need To Develop Intelligent Systems And Why Now? More challenging problems More complex systems More powerful computers /hardware Better/powerful algorithms Better software tools Mans desires

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Where AI can/should be applied?

Data is overwhelming/abundance Too many manual operations/procedures Optimization is possible Parallel/Distributed procedures/architectures are needed Decision making is required When current techniques are too complicated to be used/designed Mathematical models are too complex /impossible To increase efficiency To reduce cost To improve performance and reliability
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Where AI should not be applied?

Lack of Data Simpler techniques are available / sufficient Further optimization is not possible

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Some Important Facts that you need to know.

AI is not the only solution AI is only one part of technology AI is just a tool for improvement You must know your domain/target application

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