Presented By

Prakash Dhandole

MITCON INSTITUE OF
MANAGEMENT PUNE
 What is AI?
What is artificial
intelligence?

-Defined as, “The

study of intelligent
behavior and the
attempt to find ways in
which such behavior
could be engineered in
any type of artifact.”

-Basically, “putting
human intelligence
Beginning of AI

• Early 1950's that the link between

human intelligence and machines
was really observed by
Norbert Wiener

• 1955, Newell and Simon developed “

The Logic Theorist “, considered by
many to be the first AI program
Beginning of AI cont..
in 1956 John McCarthy coined the term
"artificial intelligence" at the first conference
devoted to the subject,.He is regarded as father
of AI.

• In 1957, the first version of a new program

The General Problem Solver (GPS) was
tested. The program developed by the
same pair which developed the Logic
Theorist
Beginning of AI cont..

• During the 1970's Many new

methods in the development of AI
were tested, notably Minsky's frames
theory. Also David Marr proposed
new theories about machine vision,
• During the 1980's AI was moving at a
faster pace number of several new
technology come in this field.
 Father of moder computer science
Alan Turing introduced the
"Turing test“

• Alan Turing stated that a computer would

deserves to be called intelligent if it could
deceive a human into believing that
it is human.
The Turing Test

• “Computing Machinery and

Intelligence”
Human

Human
Interrogator

AI
Techniques FOR AI
• There are two ways to achieve
Artificial Intelligence
• Bottom up Theory : Theorist’s
believe that the best way to
achieve AI is to built replica of
human brains complex network of
neurons.
• Top - down Theory : Attempts to
mimic the brains behaviors with
computer programs.
Neural Networks and
Parallel Computation
Bottom-up approach to construct
electronic circuits that act as neurons
do in the human brain.

The neuron "firing", passing a signal to the next in the chain

The neuron "firing", passing a signal to the next in the chain.

 Contd…
• Warren Mc Culloch & Pitts neural
network theory . It designed
electronic replicas of neural network
to show how electronic network could
generate logical process. It gives the birth
of concept of parallel computing.

• Using feed back theory described loop

between neurons sense brain
musles
Top Down Approaches
• This approaches work as a expert system
to find out the solution of various problem
by using the information, logics & rules.

• There are number of software available for

top down approaches.
Example of software
Human computer interaction
Eliza
Paranoid parry
Problem solving
SHRDLU

General problem solving

Other notable programmes

Hacker
sam
Examples of Current
artificial intelligence
 Current AI
AI in your everyday
life
Cars
–Self-parking
–Cruise control
–Speech recognition
Cell Phones
–Voice recognition
Gaming industry
–Animation creation
–Built 3D environment
 Current AI
AI in your everyday
life
medicine
–Hearing Aids
– Learning Retinal
implement system
Military
–Autonomous Submarines
Internet
–Search Engines
 The Future of
artificial intelligence
Human will be replaced by
robots
CONSTRUCTIVE INTELLIGENCE
Destructive Intelligence
?