Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Lecture 1
Outline
Understanding Psychopathology
What is Normal? What is Psychological Disorder?
Understanding Psychopathology
What is normal?
Provide examples of what is normal and what isnt How does the notion of what is normal differ across cultures? Is there a fixed definition of normal just like there are laws of physics? So, how do we construe the definition of what is normal and what is not?
Understanding Psychopathology
What is normal?
The definition of ABNORMAL used in DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition) Abnormal describes behavioral, emotional, or cognitive dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural context and associated with personal distress or substantial impairment in functioning.
Understanding Psychopathology
Judy Psychological disorder consists of three components:
Psychological dysfunction
Breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning (continuum vs. dimension)
Personal distress
Being extremely upset (caution sometimes it is normal to be extremely upset)
Mental illness is caused by the movements of the moon and the stars
Pracelsus lunatic
Galen
Humoral theory of disorders (blood, black bile, yellow bile, phlegm)
John P. Grey
Insanity is always due to physical causes and patients suffering from mental illness should be treated as physically ill
Therapy
Undiscovered psychopathology reduced interest in treating patients Insulin shock therapy Electroconvulsive therapy ECT Chemical drugs
Behaviorist Theory
Classical conditioning (Ivan Pavlov) Little Albert (Watson) Systematic desensitization (Joseph Wolpe) Behavior therapy (conditioning and reward)