SEMINAR ON USE OF POLYMER CAMPOSITES IN BRIDGE REHABILITATION R

Presented by: -

Sneha verma
Reg No: 1ds09cv094 Civil Engineering

CONTENTS: Introduction What is polymer composite? Types of polymer composites Brief description about these polymer What is bridge rehabilitation? Use of FRP in bridge rehabilitation Practical application Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion

INTRODUCTION:Metal conduits that are supported by bridges are subjected to environments where corrosion can easily occur as a result of factors such as (1) the cyclical variations in humidity caused by precipitation and (2) the effects of airborne salt in coastal areas and places where roads are salted in winter to prevent freezing . A corroded conduit could lead to the cables inside it being damaged or people getting hurt by it falling off the bridge. Consequently, there is a need for safe, simple, and low-cost repair techniques that can be used to perform permanent and effective repairs on corroded conduits. These problems can overcome by using polymer composites in bridge rehabilitation.

WHAT IS POLYMER?
Polymers are made up of many molecules all strung together to form really long chains (and sometimes more complicated structures, too).

WHAT IS POLYMER COMPOSITE?

A composite is any material made of from more than one component. A polymer composites are composites made from polymers ,or from polymers along with other kind of materials.

TYPES OF POLYMER COMPOSITES:Natural composite(e.g.wood, bone bamboo)

Synthetic composite(e.g. tire, fiber glass, fiber reinforced polymer)

Hybrid composite(e.g. wood beam reinforced with FRP plate)

FUNCTION:1.Reduction of weight 2. Resistance to corrosion 3. Provide flexibility to design

POLYMERS USED IN CONSTRUCTION:There are number of polymers used in civil engineering infrastructure . such as:RP (Reinforced plastics) GFRP(Glass fiber reinforced plastics) ACM(Advanced composites material) FRP(Fiber reinforced polymers)

4.BRIEF DESCRIPTION ABOUT THESE POLYMER:RP:-(Reinforced plastics) Reinforced plastics are a special breed of plastic. They're used for the production of tough and durable materials for heavyduty applications like building construction. GFRP:-(Glass fibre reinforced polymer) These are the polymer made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibre glasses. These are used to improve the mechanical properties such as stiffness and heat resistance. ACM:- (Advanced composites material) Advanced Composite Materials, (LLC ,ACM, LLC) is a world leader in silicon carbide technology. They manufacture and sell silicon carbide products, including whiskers and fibers, along with press-ready ceramic blends and solid ceramic composites containing silicon carbide.

FRP:- (Fibre reinforced polymers)

These are composite materials made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers. Composer FRP can be applied to strengthen the beams, columns and slabs in buildings. It is possible to increase strength of these structural members even after these have been severely damaged due to loading conditions. But from construction and rehabilitation point view FRP is the most popular one among all.

USE OF FRP IN CIVIL ENGINEERING INFRASTRUCTURE:Their uses are the most importance in the renewal of constructed facilities infrastructure such as buildings, bridges, pipelines, etc. Recently, their use has increased in the rehabilitation of concrete structures, mainly due to their tailorable performance characteristics, ease of application and low life cycle costs. But now a days the use of FRP is mostly shown in the bridge rehabilitation process.

5.WHAT IS REHABILITATION?
It is the process of repairing or modifying structure to the desired or useful condition. It includes repairing of damaged and deterioted of civil infrastructure.

6.USE OF FRP IN BRIDGE REHABILITATION:There are several parts of a bridge where FRP is used such as, 1.In bridge deck 2.In stringer

3.In abutment panel

4.In retaining structure. ,parapets

5. steel girder

IN BRIDGE DECK AND STRINGER:FRP used in bridge decks to increase the service life of the bridge deck. Other advantages of FRP bridge decks include their light weight and a reduction in bridge deck construction time.

IN ABUTMENT PANEL:The FRP composite panels of the present invention provide a lightweight, strong and durable structure that will not corrode like steel, spall like concrete, or rot like wood. Therefore, the panels of the present invention have a long service life and a reduced maintenance cost due to these fatigue and corrosion resistant properties.

IN RETAINING STRUCTURE:FRP is used in retaining wall structure base on their characters of high strength, lightweight, insulation, high temperature resistance and corrosion-resistance

Parapets:Masonry Parapets Strengthened with Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP). Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) products offer a costeffective system to strengthen masonry parapets.

IN STEEL GIRDER:The effectiveness of the strengthening steel girder bridges using carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP).It gives an effort to improve the live load carrying capacity of the bridges

7.PRACTICAL APPLICTION:There are so many country where FRP is used in their bridge for construction and rehabilitation process. Following are some examples of the bridges where FRP has been used for rehabilitation process.
1.Joffer bridge (Canada)

2.Wickwire run bridge(West Virginia)

3.Moristown(USA) 4.Tampico(Mexico) 5.Peldar(Colombia)

JOFFRE BRIDGE:-

The Joffre bridge has a large transverse span of 3.7m and different types of FRP used to reinforce the concrete deck slab, the side walk and the traffic barrier. In addition fiber petro strain sensors installed in FRP grid and in steel girders provide a complete understanding of FRP reinforcement under traffic loading and environmental conditions. BY using FRP it is found that the bridge superstructure and structure develop

2. Wickwire Run Bridge:The Wickwire Run Bridge, located in Taylor County, West Virginia, was in critical condition and needed to be replaced. In JulyAugust 1997, a new bridge was constructed using FRP composite deck modules 500 and supported by wide flange steel beams. The length of the new bridge is twenty (30) feet and the width is sixteen (21.7) feet.

8.ADVANTAGES:Depending on the product and application, the use of FRP products for civil infrastructure/construction applications deliver the following benefits: 1.Product and system design can be optimized for specific loads

2.Faster construction reducing traffic delays

3.Increased structure service life

4.Working as a waterproofing material

5. Faster construction reducing traffic delays

DISADVANTAGES:1. Due to low modulus of elasticity there is a increment of deflections. 2. Greater initial expense, and unfamiliarity to many engineers and constructors. 3. FRP composite materials are lightweight, they lack the required load-bearing capacity to handle high performance deck and wall structures.

CONCLUSION:Structurally deficient bridges were strengthened utilizing FRP composite materials. These innovative, yet economical strengthening methods appear to be effective strengthening solutions .so to get standardized design, and a long term bridge FRP should be used. so that we can get a better bridge with less maintenance.

REFERENCE:1. Tang, B., and W. Podolny. A successful Beginning for Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composite Materials in Bridge Applications. FHWA Proceedings, Orlando, Florida, December 1998. 2. USDOT-FHWA.2005. http://www.tfhrc.gov/hnr20/nde/problem. 3. Howard, I., (2002), Development of Lightweight FRP Bridge Deck Designs and Evaluations, Masters Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown