Pegantar Android

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Delivered By: Nur Fatih

Outline:

Overview Android Project Components Contoh Project Android Menjalankan Project Android

Android is an open mobile phone platform that was developed by Google and later by Open Handset Alliance. Google defines Android as a "software stack" for mobile phones. Software stack is made up of operating system(the platform on which everything runs), the middleware (the programming that allows applications to talk to a network and to one another) and the applications (the actual programs that phone will run)

July 2005 - Google Inc. bought from Danger Inc.

Open Handset Alliance was formed headed by Google which is composed of companies like Intel, TMobile, Spring Nextel and more.
In 2008, Android became available as an open source and ASOP(Android Open Source Project) is responsible for maintaining and development of android. February 2009, the first android version was released, Android 1.1. for Mobile G1.

Android Android Android Android Android Android Android Android Android

1.1 1.5 Cupcake 1.6 Donut 2.0/2.1 Eclair 2.2.x Froyo 2.3.x Gingerbread 3. x Honeycomb 4.0.x Ice Cream Sandwich 4.1 Jelly Bean

Note: When developing an application, consider the market share of the android version. The higher the market share, the higher number your target market is.

Note: Based on my development experience, ADT can run on at least Dual Core with at least 2GB RAM.

Please refer to: www.developershaven.net

Activity
Present a visual user interface for one focused endeavor the user can undertake Example: a list of menu items users can choose from

Services
Run in the background for an indefinite period of time Example: calculate and provide the result to activities that need it

Broadcast Receivers
Receive and react to broadcast announcements Example: announcements that the time zone has changed

Content Providers
Store and retrieve data and make it accessible to all applications Example: Android ships with a number of content providers for common

Intents
Hold the content of a message Example: convey a request for an activity to present an image to the user or let the user edit some text

public class CCSActivity extends Activity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); } }

Run in the background Can continue even if Activity that started it dies Should be used if something needs to be done while the user is not interacting with application

Otherwise, a thread is probably more applicable

Should create a new thread in the service to do work in, since the service runs in the main thread Can be bound to an application In which case will terminate when all applications bound to it unbind Allows multiple applications to communicate with it via a common interface Needs to be declared in manifest file Like Activities, has a structured life cycle

SRC
The project source code

GEN
Auto generated code Example: R.java

Included libraries
Resources
Drawables Layout Values like strings

Manifest File
A must have xml file. Contains essential information about the system to the android system

Auto-generated: YOUR SHOULDNT EDIT IT! Contains IDs of the project resources Enforces good software engineering Use findViewById and Resources object to get access to the resources

Ex. Button b = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1) Ex. getResources().getString(R.string.hello));

Eclipse has a great UI creator

Generates the XML for you

Composed of View objects Can be specified for portrait and landscape mode

Use same file name, so can make completely different UIs for the orientations without modifying any code

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/ap k/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" android:id="@+id/tv_hello"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Large Text android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textApp earanceLarge"/>

res/values/string.xml

</LinearLayout>

1. Lunching a new activity without expecting without expecting a result

2. Lunching a new activity and expecting a result when it finished.

CalledActivity.class

On Eclipse IDE. Go To File > New > Project > Android Project See image at the side for the prompt that appear. Click next button.

Select android version. Tip: select the latest OS version available. You can add minimum and target SDK on your manifest file to support earlier android versions.

Provide package name of your project. Valid package name consist of two names separated by a period.

Provide package name of your project. Valid package name consist of two names separated by a period.

Optional: Change minimum SDK for the lowest android version your application will support.
Hit on finish

In main.xml:

Under res/layout on your project explorer. Open main.xml. Create a layout like this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

<Button android:id="@+id/button1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/button1" />

<Button android:id="@+id/button2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button 2" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button3" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button 3" /> </LinearLayout> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:ems="10" > <requestFocus /> </EditText> </LinearLayout>

Under res/values on your project explorer. Open strings.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string name="hello">Hello World, SampleProjectActivity!</string> <string name="app_name">SampleProject</string> <string name="button1">Button 1 Clicked.</string> </resources>

NOTE: string with name button1 is being referenced by Button 1 android:text property. See main.xml in your layout.

Under SRC on your project explorer. Open SampleProjectActivity.java. Change code to this:

See comments for better understand.

public class SampleProjectActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{ /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); Toast.makeText(this, "Hello.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); //referencing components in our layout as set in setContentView, - main.xml //findViewById is used hence we components in our layout will be called //through their ids as set in android:id properties. See main.xml in your layout. Button btn1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1); //one way in handling click event btn1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //Toast is a prompt that will notify user of what has happened in the application //but not requiring user an action. Toast.makeText(getApplication(), "Button 1 Clicked", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }); Button btn2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2); Button btn3 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button3); //Other way of handling event inside an activity btn2.setOnClickListener(this); btn3.setOnClickListener(this); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch(v.getId()) { case R.id.button2: EditText editText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText1); editText.setText("Button 2 Clicked!"); break; case R.id.button3: // Intent with out waiting for result. // This is creating a new view and passing the new controll to the next view. Intent intent = new Intent(this, NextActivity.class); startActivity(intent); break; } } }

import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast;

Create NextActivity.java Right click SRC folder > New > Class. Change code to this:

import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextView; public class NextActivity extends Activity{ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); // you can have a new layout. but for this example // we will be reusing the main.xml as our layout. // we will just manipulate the text to inform user that //a new activity has been created. setContentView(R.layout.main); // setTitle - change the title of the next view setTitle("Next Activity"); //setting page title TextView pageTitle = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.pagetitle); pageTitle.setText("Hello, You are now in the Next Activity Class."); Button btn1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1); btn1.setText("Option 1"); Button btn2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2); btn2.setText("Option 2"); Button btn3 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button3); btn3.setText("Option 3"); } }

Open Manifest.xml in your project explorer. Register NextActivity class to your project. Your new manifest file must look like the code at the side. Save all the changes

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/re s/android" package="com.sample" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="15"/> <application android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" > <activity android:name=".SampleBradActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHE R" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <activity android:name=".NextActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" /> </application> </manifest>

Right click your project name in your project explorer > RUN AS > ANDROID APPLICATION. Emulator will boot up. Wait until home screen is shown. Your application will be displayed on the screen. You can now enjoy the application.

Congratulations!!!

Slides by Joemarie Comeros Amparo

Installation: http://developershaven.net Google API: http://mfarhan133.wordpress.com/2010/10/01/generate-googlemaps-api-key-for-android/ Android Developers Website : http://developer.android.com/index.html Numerous Forums & other developer sites, including: http://www.javacodegeeks.com/2011/02/android-google-mapstutorial.html http://efreedom.com/Question/1-6070968/Google-Maps-Api-Directions http://stackoverflow.com http://www.anddev.org/google_driving_directions_-_mapview_overlayedt826.html

XML Layout Android User Interface Droid draw