NEW EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES AND ASIAN COMPETITIVENESS

ASIAN COMPETITIVENESS Emerging Hot Regions

The world senses a very strong Asia-

Pacific pervasiveness
in trade and investments, products and

services, culture and technology, philosophies and lifestyles.

despite the fact of its teeming millions

of people , undeniable poverty, malnutrition, and diseases

Asians have shown toughness, creativity

ASIAN COMPETITIVENESS Emerging Hot Regions

2. The emerging New-Industrializing

Nations of :
a. b. c. d. e.

Malaysia Thailand Philippines Indonesia Sri Lanka

ASIAN COMPETITIVENESS Emerging Hot Regions

Development trusts in the 80s are

coming from these configurations: 1. The high-tech industrialization and service industries of:
a. b. c. d. e.

Japan Singapore Taiwan Hong Kong South Korea

ASIAN COMPETITIVENESS Emerging Hot Regions 3. The indigenous and adaptivizing ways of giant underdeveloped societies like China and India

4. The slow, turbulent development of poor industry-directed countries like Bangladesh, Burma and Vietnam

5. The agriculture-directed nations like

Under the era of globalization, emergent issues and new challenges which would be dominant in developing countries in the region can be summarized, but not limited, into:
(i) (ii)

EMERGENT ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES

changing external conditions; Re-examining the role of the state/government; partnerships;

(iii) introducing market mechanisms and public-private

(iv) decentralization and school-based management; (v)

ICT & education in the knowledge-based economy border;

(vi) promoting educational development across the

1. Changing external conditions-

EMERGENT ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES

Structural problems in the economies Increased under and unemployment Reduced income, and increased prices, Inadequacy of its domestic social protection policies Absolute poverty Difficult to finance increased education expenditures Labor market distortions

Recent economic changes have an immense impact on educational development in Asia- education system needs to be flexible and sensitive to economic changes in future, which by and large cannot be anticipated or

2. Re-examining the Role of the State/Government

made significant contribution to realize high

EMERGENT ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES

economic performance and human resource development

Intervention in the expansion of primary education responsibility for the governance, planning, and

management of education, is changing (decentralization and privatization)

adjustments are being made in assignment of

responsibilities and functions in areas such as planning, finance, curriculum, textbooks and instructional materials, teachers, facilities, supervision, and evaluation Private sector provisions of education would not relieve

3. Introducing Market Mechanism and Public-Private Partnerships

have put their budgetary priorities on national

EMERGENT ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES

development and compulsory education-high enrolment ratio in primary education

private sector plays a major role to absorb excess

demand for higher education

Indonesia and the Philippines, about 1/3 of

secondary school enrolment is in private schools

in the Philippines over 80% of postsecondary

education is provided by private sector institutions Introduction of the market mechanism into the education system and the complementary role of private sector in absorbing demand for post-primary education have

4. Decentralization and School Based Management

education can be more effective, less costly by

EMERGENT ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES

decentralizing education management making lower levels of government and communities responsible for educational planning, management, and financing
Decentralization of education administration

and management is strongly recommended by international aid agencies Decentralized administration requires participation of local governments, schools, and communities in educational policy making process, which is expected to improve administration in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness at the school level.

5. Information and Communication Technology and Education in the Knowledge-Based Economy

ICT revolution has forever changed the way

EMERGENT ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES

developing countries in Asia must plan and manage their economies

The rising demand for education and training in ICT

demonstrates recognition of its importance on the part of students and workers The challenge is to support education sector strategies and investments that: (i) strengthen the application of ICT in education and training; (ii) train teachers on the use of ICT in their classrooms;

6. Promoting Educational Development Across the Border

Opportunities for regional or sub-regional

EMERGENT ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES

cooperation offers larger markets, economies of scale, and division of labor, to accelerate growth
Cross-border education- portability of educational

qualifications
In the Greater Mekong sub-region (GMS), efforts are

being made to coordinate and standardize skills competencies in each of participating countries
In the East ASEAN Growth Area (EAGA), demand

and supply of human resources can be met across the borders among participating countries at the similar level of economic development so that a

7. Targeting Quality Education for All

EMERGENT ISSUES AND NEW CHALLENGES

the Asian region has been relatively successful

in achieving education for all (EFA) objectives however, access to quality basic education is still insufficient in many Asian countries
there is substantial numbers of children in the

region who lack access to school or who drop out before completing school- tend to be in remote rural areas or from poor urban families, and majority of them are girls and women, and ethnic minorities. The World Education Forum in April 2000 set a goal of eliminating gender disparities in primary and secondary education and ensuring that all children

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements towards 21st Century?
5.

Sri Lanka- vocational-technical education and re-training of returning migrant workers (5th Plan) India- 7th Plan concentrates on employmentgeneration activities in its huge states South Korea- 5th Plan seeks to sustain high global exports and improve labor market opportunities for all manpower levels China- 7th plan envisages more technical training to open up new jobs for rural workers

6.

7.

8.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements at Present ?

http://www.adb.org/Documents/Produced-Under-TA/40329/40329-RE
1. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS)consisting of

Cambodia, the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam
a.

Agreed to launch the Regional Economic Cooperation Programto promote economic and social development. The 10-year GMS Strategic Framework 20022012 identifies HRD as one of the five strategic areas of cooperation given its potential to enhance competitiveness, increase the returns from physical connectivity, and build a sense of community on common concerns and challenges. The Working Group on Human Resource Development

b.

c.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements at Present ? ...The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS)
d.

Goal of the HRD strategy. The HRD strategy will contribute towards the 10-year GMS Strategic Framework that seeks to develop the vision of a GMS that fulfills its vast potential, frees its people from poverty, and provides sustainable development opportunities for all, particularly women and ethnic minorities. The goal of the HRD strategy is to foster sustainable regional human resource development, thereby contributing to increased subregional competitiveness, connectivity, and community. This will promote and sustain economic growth and social development in GMS countries and enhance poverty

e.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements at Present ? The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) f. The objectives of the HRD strategy are to : (i) support HRD initiatives that directly facilitate the process of subregional cooperation and integration (e.g., managing labor migration, and harmonizing HRD national regulations and standards to facilitate the effective regional utilization of GMS human resources, such as portability of educational skills and training qualifications); and

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements at Present ?

http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/asean/year2003/summit 2. Japan -ASEAN Total Plan for Human Resource Development

http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actemp/downloads/pu

3. FEATURES OF SINGAPORE'S HRD EXPERIENCE

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements at Present ?

http://www.pmo.gov.my/dokumenattached/speech/files/RMK10_ 4. TENTH MALAYSIA PLAN 2011-2015- Improving Efforts for Human Capital Development in the Public Sector - We take cognisance that the delivery of efficient and effective government services is closely linked to the quality of human resource. To ensure the best talents remain in the civil service, the framework for human resource management and career development will be improved. Opportunities for civil servants to increase their knowledge and field of expertise will be expanded. In this respect, a world-class civil service college will be established to raise the competency of civil servants. - excerpt from the Speech by the

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements at Present ?

http://www.pmo.gov.my/dokumenattached/speech/files/RMK10_ 4. TENTH MALAYSIA PLAN 2011-2015- Improving Efforts for Human Capital Development in the Public Sector - Talent Corp or TC was set up as one of the government tools in the 10th Malaysia Plan (2011 2015). The prime focus of the 10th Malaysia Plan (10MP) is human resource or human capital development so as to ensure that the longterm goals of Malaysias Vision 2020 will be met. With the establishment of TC, the government hopes to attract foreign professionals and professionally qualified Malaysians working overseas to come back and work in Malaysia. At the same time, the government also wants TC to find ways to retain Malaysian talented professionals to remain in Malaysia.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements at Present ?

http://www.pacsa.gov.la/accsm/resources/Brunei/ACCSM%2015th% 5. BRUNEI DARUSSALAM

6.

PHILIPPINES- Philippine Development Plan 201116 :

The Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016 of the current administration of President Benigno S. Aquino III intends to pursue the rapid and sustainable economic growth and development, improve the quality of life of the Filipino, empower the poor and marginalized and enhance our social cohesion as a nation.

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT MOVEMENTS ACROSS ASIA

What are the HRD Movements at Present ?
6.

PHILIPPINES- Philippine Development Plan 2011-16 :

- focuses to achieve inclusive growth, and that it is people-oriented; thus, strengthening the countrys first-rate human resources in order to contribute to a sustained high economic growth. - further ensures that the benefits of economic growth are felt by all sectors of society; particularly, the marginalized sectors or the socalled poorest of the poor. - job creation as top priority so that migration is a choice rather than a necessity, based on competitiveness and inclusive growth

NEW EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES IN ASIAN MalaysiaCOUNTRIES http://www.pmo.gov.my/dokumenattached/speech/files/RM

K10_Speech.pdf Thailandhttp://www.greengrowth.org/capacity_building/NationalSeminar/2011/Thailand/Documents/PRESENTATIONS/1st/2. pdf Indonesiahttp://aimp.apec.org/Documents/2011/SOM/WKSP/11_som_ wksp_009.pdf

Towards New Receiver and Delivery Systems in the Field of Education, Where are we now? training and Learning
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

K+12 program Mother tongue based Understanding by design Formal Education Alternative Learning System TESDA- Investing in the 21st Century Skilled Filipino Workforce Distance Learning/Education Home Schooling Opening/ Upgrading of Universities that caters to development of science and technology and other global demands

Towards New Receiver and Delivery Systems in the Field of Education, training and Learning Where do we want to go?
1. Continue the status quo. 2. Do a drastic, revolutionary turnabout and

completely overhaul the system

3. Do a selective, evolutionary change

situated between the status quo and radical renovations.

4. Align the educational system towards

international standards, beginning with ASEAN

How do we get there?

1.

Towards New Receiver and Delivery Systems in the Field of Education, training and Learning

Switch from pedagogy (correct use of instructive strategies/instructional design) to mathetics (science of learning). All innovations or improvements or approaches are to be keyed or view from the perspectives and capabilities and aspiration of students, trainees, educands or beneficiaries. More attention to andragogy, the science of teaching adults. It will be a learning society where communication and information wiil be most pervasive in all sectors. The more extensive use of self-learning methods and materials among students and adults (auto-

2.

3.

Towards New Receiver and Delivery Systems in the Field of Education, training and Learning That the delivery system focus must now shift to the receiver system, to those in need of and aspire for education, training and learning rather than just those who teach and administer. - Ernesto Franco

THANK YOU!