1

Non-Current Liabilities

Chapter

14
Intermediate Accounting IFRS Edition Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield

DRA. LILIK PURWANTI, M.Si, AK

Utang Obligasi dan Utang Wesel Jk Panjang

Utang Obligasi

Utang Wesel Jangka Panjang

Issuing bonds Types and ratings Valuation Effective-interest method Costs of issuing Treasury bonds Extinguishment
3

Notes issued at face value Notes not issued at face value Special situations Mortgage notes payable

Long-Term Notes Payable (Utang Wesel Jangka Panjang)

Accounting is Similar to Bonds

A note is valued at the present value of its future interest and principal cash flows. wesel dinilai pada nilai sekarang dari arus kas masa datang atas bunga dan nominal Company amortizes any discount or premium over the life of the note. Diskonto atau premi diamortisasi selama umur wesel
4

Notes Issued at Face Value (Wesel diterbitkan pada nilai nominal)

BE14-12 Jennifer Capriati, Inc. menerbitkan wesel nilai nominal $100,000, 4-year, 11% untuk Forest Hills Bank pada 1 January 2011, and received $100,000 cash. Bunga dibayar setiap 31 December. Siapkan jurnal untuk mencatat (a) penerbitan wesel and (b) pembayaran bunga 31 December. (a) (b) Cash Notes payable Interest expense Cash
($100,000 x 11% = $11,000)
5

100,000 100,000 11,000 11,000

Zero-Interest-Bearing Notes (Wesel dengan tingkat bunga nol/tanpa bunga)

Perbedaan antara the face amount and the present value (cash received) diakui sebagai:

a discount (Diskonto) and

amortizes that amount to interest expense over the life of the note (diamortisasi selama umur wesel)

Zero-Interest-Bearing Notes
Turtle Cove Corporation menerbitkan wesel tanpa bunga 4year, $50,000 untuk Jeremiah Company pada 1 January 2011, and menerima cash of $31,776. Tingkat bunga pasar 12%. Siapkan jurnal untuk mencatat (a) penerbitan wesel 1 Jan. and (b) pengakuan bunga 31 Dec.

Date 1/1/11 12/31/11 12/31/12 12/31/13

7

0% Cash Paid 0 0 0 0

12% Interest Discount Expense Amortized $ 3.813 4.271 4.783 5.357 $ 3.813 4.271 4.783 5.357

Carrying Amount $ 31.776 35.589 39.860 44.643 50.000

12/31/11

Zero-Interest-Bearing Notes
Hasil present value $50,000, n = 4, tingkat bunga pasar 12% adalah $31,776, sehingga timbul diskonto sebesar $18,224 yang diamortisasi menggunakan metode bunga efektif. (a) Cash 31,776 Notes payable 31,776 (Mencatat penerbitan wesel dengan diskonto) Interest expense Notes payable
(Mencatat amortisasi diskonto) ($31,776 x 12%)

(b)

3,813 3,813

Interest-Bearing Notes (Wesel dengan bunga)

Marie Corp. menerbitkan wesel 4-year, $50,000, 5% kepada Morgan Corp. pada 1 Jan. 2011, untuk uang tunai sebesar $39,369. Bunga wesel dibayar setiap 31 Des. Tingkat bunga pasar 12%. Siapkan jurnal untuk Marie Corp. (a) penerbitan 1 Jan. and (b) pembayaran bunga 31 Dec.
5% Cash Paid $ 2.500 2.500 2.500 2.500 12% Interest Discount Expense Amortized $ 4.724 4.991 5.290 5.625 9 $ 2.224 2.491 2.790 3.125 Carrying Amount $ 39.369 41.593 44.084 46.875 50.000
9

Date 1/1/11 12/31/11 12/31/12 12/31/13

9

12/31/14

Notes Issued at Discount

10

(a)

Cash 39,369 Notes payable 39,369 (Mencatat penerbitan wesel dengan diskonto)

(b)

Interest expense 4,724 Cash 2,500 Notes payable 2,224 (Mencatat amortisasi diskonto dan pembayaran bunga)

10

10

Special Notes Payable Situations

Wesel diterbitkan untuk Property, barang and Jasa
Penerbitan utang untuk property, goods, or services, tingkat bunga wesel dijadikan bunga pasar jika:
(1) Tidak ada tingkat bunga pasar yang ditetapkan atau (2) Tingkat bunga pasar tidak layak/tidak masuk akal,

atau

(3) Nilai nominal tidak berbeda secara material dengan

nilai sekarang sales price atau current fair value dari utang.

11

Wesel diterbitkan untuk Property, barang and Jasa

PT Amalia menjual tanah dengan harga jual tunai $200.000 ke PT Andika. Dalam pertukaran dengan tanah, PT Andika memberikan sebuah wesel tanpa bunga, lima tahun senilai $293.866. Harga jual $200.000 mewakili nilai sekarang wesel $293.866 yang didiskontokan pada 8% selama 5 tahun. Perbedaan antara cash sale price dengan face amount of the note, mewakili tingkat bunga efektif 8% maka perusahaan mencatat transaksi pertukaran sbb: PT Amalia: PT Andika: Piutang Wesel 200.000 Tanah 200.000 Tanah 200.000 Utang wesel200.000 12

Special Notes Payable Situations

Choice of Interest Rates
If a company cannot determine the fair value of the property, goods, services, or other rights, and if the note has no ready market, the company must impute an interest rate.
The choice of rate is affected by:

Rates yang berlaku for similar instruments

factors such as restrictive covenants, collateral, payment schedule, and the existing prime interest rate. Lihat contoh hal 735-736

13

Mortgage Notes Payable (Utang Hipotek)

A promissory note secured by a document called a mortgage that pledges title to property as security for the loan.

Most common form of long-term notes payable.

Payable in full at maturity or in installments. Fixed-rate mortgage.

Variable-rate mortgages.

14

Off-Balance-Sheet Financing
An attempt to borrow monies in such a way to prevent recording the obligations. Different Forms:

Non-Consolidated Subsidiary

Special Purpose Entity (SPE)

Operating Leases

15

Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term Debt

Presentation of Long-Term Debt
Note disclosures generally indicate the nature of the liabilities, maturity dates, interest rates, call provisions, conversion privileges, restrictions imposed by the creditors, and assets designated or pledged as security.
Must disclose future payments for sinking fund requirements and maturity amounts of long-term debt during each of the next five years.

16

Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term Debt

Analysis of Long-Term Debt
Two ratios that provide information about debtpaying ability and long-run solvency are: 1. Debt to total assets
=

Total debt Total assets

The higher the percentage of debt to total assets, the greater the risk that the company may be unable to meet its maturing obligations.
17

Presentation and Analysis of Long-Term Debt

Analysis of Long-Term Debt
Two ratios that provide information about debtpaying ability and long-run solvency are: 2.
Times interest earned
Income before income taxes and interest expense
Interest expense

Indicates the companys ability to meet interest payments as they come due.

18

TUGAS MINGGU DEPAN

Baca bab 15

Jawab Questions hal 801 untuk nomor-nomor:

2, 3, 4, 5, 7,8,9 10

19