2.1 2.

Line of best fit Conversion non-linear line to linear line

To draw a line of best fit

All the points close to each other The line pass through as many points as possible.

Number of points that not plotted above and below the line is about the same, and also almost same distance from the line.

The power P watts and voltage V volts produced by an electric generator are connected a relationship in the form P = mV + n where m and n are constants. The following values were obtained in an experiment. I

a) Plot P against V and draw the line of best fit. b) Then, determine the linear law connecting P and V c) Determine the value of P when V = 25 V (c)

(b)

130
(c)

ques (b)

b)

P = mV + n y = mx + C

graph

ques

c)

P = 130

2.1.3 Determining values of variables from equations of lines of best fit

The diagram shows a straight line passing through two points. Find the linear equation connecting the variables S and x. Then, determine a) the value of S when x = 0, b) the value of x when S = -18.

Exercise 2.1 # 5, 6, 7

2.2 Conversion non-linear line to linear line

Convert to linear line

Non-linear line

linear line

A non-linear equation can be reduced to the linear form Y = mX + c so that a straight line graph is obtained when we plot Y against X.

Example 5 (pg 38)

Reduce each of the following non-linear relation to the linear form Y = mX + c where m and c are constants:
Try to cancel x to get constant number without x.

Y = mX + c

Example 5 (pg 38)

Reduce each of the following non-linear relation to the linear form Y = mX + c where m and c are constants: Try to cancel x to get constant number without x.

Y = mX + c

10

Example 6 (pg 38)

Reduce the following non-linear relation to a linear form by taking logarithms to base 10.

log10 (ab x ) log10 a log10 x b log10 a b log10 x

11

Exercise 2.2

#1, 2

12

Determine non-linear equation from linear graph

Y = mX + c

13

Determine non-linear equation from linear graph

Exercise 2.2 #3, 4(b)(d), 5

14

Exercise 2.2 #6, 7

Determine non-linear equation without graph

15

2.2.3

Graph of linear line

The following table shows the experimental values of the variables x and y which are related by an

a) Plot and draw the best fit line for log10 y against log10 x. b) From you graph, determine the values of a and n c) From you graph, find the approximate value of x when y = 63.
a)

16

a)

log10 x

17

b)

c)

Y=mX+C

4.57

Exercise 2.2 # 9, 12

3.09

3.09
18

19

20

21

22

23