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Contents
Biography of Johannes Kepler Keplers Laws of Planetary Motion Data proving Keplers
rd 3
Law
Objectives:
State Keplers Laws of Planetary
Motion Identify the importance of motion of the planets Keplers achievements on the solar system and planetary orbits Draw the solar system, showing the position of the different planets and the shape of the planets orbits.
places for things, with Earth at center of Universe. could not account for retrograde motion of planets as seen from Earth
Galileo Galilei (Italy, 1564-1632) Radical approach: do experiments & use math dynamics pioneer ag same for all masses kinematics + inertia (Newtons first law) invented the telescope, discovered the moons of Jupiter Copernican, persecuted by the Church
Isaac Newton (B. 1632) published the Principia (1687) invented calculus, dynamics (laws of motion), law of gravitation
1571/12/27 1630/11/15 German astronomer Believer in Heliocentrism mathematics teacher assistant to Tycho Brahe Kepler was appointed to be Brahes successor Famous of his laws of planetary motion
Keplers achievements
Keplers Laws of Planetary Motion Cosmographicum (Sacred Mystery of the Cosmos)
His first book to support Copernicus Including the proofs of Keplers 3rd Law
universal gravitation with circular motion Keplers Law of Harmonies Same as Keplers 3rd Law k = 2.97 x 10-19 s2/m3 = (T2)/(R3)
Keplers
st 1
Law
The orbit of every planet is an ellipse with the sun at one of the foci.
Law of Ellipses
Keplers
nd 2
Law
Law of Areas
Keplers
rd 3
Law
are directly proportional to the cubes of the semi-major axis of the orbits. or the revolution of a planet is proportional to the 3/2
Law of Periods
T2 = 4 2 x R3 GM T2 = k R3 T = kR3/2 Where: T = period M = mass of the central body R = orbital radius G = gravitational constant = pi
rd 3
Law
Ratio
1:1 1:1 1:1 1:1 1:1 1:1 1:1 1:1
t (yr)
0.241 0.615 1 1.881 11.862 29.448 84.07 164.878
r (AU)
0.387 0.723 1 1.524 5.203 9.537 19.191 30.069
t^2
0.058 0.378 1 3.538 140.707 867.185 7067.765
r^3
0.058 0.378 1 3.54 140.852 867.432 7067.939
27184.755 27186.729
How
NEWTON SHOWED THAT GRAVITATION HOLDS THE COSMOS TOGETHER - DERIVED KEPLERS LAWS FROM HIS LAW OF GRAVITATION -
Benefits of understanding
Astronomy
Know more about the basics of the solar system Learn how the orbits affecting Earth Provide evidences leading to another space phenomenon
Physics
Calculate the velocity and gravity between planets Understand Newtons Laws
The End
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