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resistance.
In case, cross-sectional area of steel reinforcement bars is large as HYSD bars are used. Compressive strength of concrete will be exhausted prior to steel bars start yielding. Depth of neutral axis increases considerably. Compressive force increases and crushing will take place Crushing failure is sudden, which is an explosive nature and occurs without warning.
strain 0.0035.
Beam section continues to resist increasing applied moment and the neutral axis shifts upwards.
Lever arm increases somewhat while the total compressive force in concrete remains unaltered.
M20 and M25 grades of concrete mix are very commonly used for the
beams.
Mild steel bars, Fe 250 or high yield strength deformed steel bars Fe415 or Fe500 are used as tension reinforcement. Material strengths for concrete and steel are known.
calculated.
Spacing of Reinforcement
In order to ensure proper placement of concrete around the main
reinforcement bars and to achieve full surface contact between the bars and concrete, it is necessary to maintain a certain minimum distance
Effective Span
Effective span of a member is computed as follows:1. Simply supported beam or slab: effective span of a simply supported member is taken as lesser of the following:-
Effective Span
2. Continuous beam or slab; effective span of a continuous beam or slab is calculated as follows:a. If the width of support is less than or equal to Lc/12, the effective span is taken as lesser of the following:i.
ii.
l = Lc + d,
Centre to centre distance between supports.
b. If width of support is greater than Lc/12 or 600mm, whichever is less, the effective span is taken as follows:i. For end span with one end fixed and the other continuous or for intermediate span; i. l = Lc ii. For end span with one end free and the other continuous: the effective span is the lesser of
i. l = Lc + 0.5d ii. l = Lc + 0.5ts
300mm.
Beam width should be equal to or less than the dimension of the column in to which it frames.