KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA AIR RE 091315 3 SKS

PASOKAN AIR (water supply)

Ir. Eddy S. Soedjono, Dipl.SE., MSc., PhD. Kuliah 04_08.00-10.50

JURUSAN TEKNIK LINGKUNGAN FAKULTAS TEKNIK SIPIL dan PERENCANAAN INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER (ITS) SURABAYA INDONESIA 11 MARET 2013

MATERI PENGAJARAN:
Week 1
2 3 4

Material Pengantar Konservasi SDA serta Regulasi

Siklus Hidrologi Kebutuhan air Pasokan air

Week 10
11 12 13

Material Tugas Lapangan

? Presentasi Tugas Air Hujan, First Flush, & Kawasan Pesisir

5 6
7 8 9

Kuis 1 Baku Mutu & Model Kualitas Air

? ?

14 15
16 17 18

Institusi Pengelola Partisipasi Masyarakat (jender)

Kuis 2 Evaluasi Akhir/Diskusi

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PASOKAN AIR:
Q demand

? supply Karang Pilang I, II

Ngagel I, II, III

Plintahan t 10 10 10

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PRIORITY FOR RAW WATER:

Mata air (springs), Air tanah dalam (deep wells),

Air tanah dangkal (shallow wells),

Danau (lakes), Sungai (rivers), Air hujan (rainwater), Air laut (seawater), Ada yang lain (misal: air gambut, air embun)?
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TECHNOLOGY:
Best choice, Small flow (< 40 l/s centre of district),

Best if elevation is higher than service area (gravitation),

May need break-pressure-tanks, May consist of Ca and Mg and Fe and Mn. Needs further treatment, Springs may be far from service area & lower in elevation, Hot water is sometimes accompanied by high sulfur content, Management by the community after construction with many challenges of management.
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SPRINGS:

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SOCIAL & INSTITUTIONAL:

High DO content makes spring water fresher,

Clearness (low turbidity) may out compete all salts content,

The most reliable as almost no M & E equipment and flow by gravity,

Historically, springs may be totally used for irrigation which may cause conflict with water use in the future,
Is irrigation more important?

Who owns the springs?

Preservation of the catchment area (recharge area),
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Lokasi Sumber Umbulan

SPRINGS:

Prakiraan Cacthment Area

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TECHNOLOGY:
Not the individual house type, Flow is higher than 1 l/s,

Need submersible pumps (electricity),

In remote area, electricity comes from gensets, Geo-listrik (to locate screens) & pumping test, Not simple operation and maintenance procedures, Screens are expensive and may clog or corrode, Not 24 hours service, All water supply must be disinfected.
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DEEP WELLS:

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TECHNOLOGY:
For individual house, Susceptible for soak away of septic tanks seepage, Flow smaller than deep wells, Upper structure is used for safety (coupled with TIMBA), Slabs are used to avoid re-entering wastewater and to guide the waste to safe sites, May not be available due to scarcity of water (Rawan Air), i.e.: coastal area, small islands, clay soil,
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SHALLOW WELLS:

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LAKES:

Ample water,
May be poor quality of SS (appropriate treatment), Intake further away from the banks,

Suction is a bit deeper for better quality,

Integrated Lake Management, This includes dams and ponds, May face stratification and circulation for deep lakes, May be used on-site.
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LAKES:

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LAKES:

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RIVERS:
Ample water for perennial rivers, Dominated by colloids, Require conventional treatment or appropriate technology, Expensive for construction and O & M, Qualified operators, May not be feasible for villages, but may be OK for districts or bigger communities, Obviously pumping system to some extend, More complicated management.
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RIVERS:
pagar 10 1 12
SUNGAI

3 3

5 5

6 6

JALAN RAYA

PARKIR

11 8

7 7

TATA LETAK IPAM Tanpa Skala Keterangan : 1. Intake 2. Sumur pengumpul 3. Bak pengendap I 4. Bak pengaduk cepat 5. Bak pengadukan lambat 6. Bak pengendap II 7. Filter
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8. Reservoir 9. Pengering Lumpur 10. Pompa intake 11. Pembubuh kimia dan pompa distribusi 12. Satpam
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RIVERS:

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SEDIMENTATION:

Persegi- 4 aliran horizontal

Inlet Outlet

Ruang lumpur

Horizontal

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FILTRATION:

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RAINWATER HARVESTING:
Rely on the roof area,

Type of roofs,
Less air pollution for rural area, Not only kept in vessels, but also in dams,

Water from dams has similar quality with lakes,

Rural area may use large area of roof likes mosques, schools, hospitals, offices, etc.,

Dengue is susceptible.
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RAINWATER HARVESTING:

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SEAWATER:

Definitely expensive,
High qualified operator, Not rural, but city along the coastal zone, Last option.

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SEAWATER:

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DESINFEKSI (bukan klorinasi):

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OTHER IMPORTANT THING:

Kebocoran air,

Tandon sebelum dipompa ke rumah tangga,

Kemampuan saringan pasir atas kualitas air sungai yang fluktuatif/tercemar: deterjen, logam berat, EDC, pesticides, dll.

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WATERBORN-DISEASES and OTHERS:

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REGULASI:
Permenkes 907/2002 tentang Syarat-syarat dan Pengawasan Kualitas Air Minum, PP 82/2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air, WHO, dll.

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FURTHER INFORMATION:
Center for Water and Sanitation in Tropical Areas (CWaSTA) Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan, FTSP, ITS Kampus ITS, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111, INDONESIA
Telpon kantor HP Email Website : : : : : +62 31 596 2271/591 1882 +62 812 3140 1686 soedjono@enviro.its.ac.id eddy.up3d@gmail.com www.enviro.its.ac.id

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