GROUNDING 101

GROUNDING 101

WHY DO WE GROUND?

SAFETY
Protect

People

Equipment from Fault Currents

Protect

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WHY SHOULD WE GROUND? Electricity will always follow the path of least resistance to ground.
Proper circuit grounding will keep electricity from using your body to get to ground

Grounded Circuit Requirements: Path is continuous and permanent Ample capacity Low Resistance Circuit parts are bonded together
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WHAT DO WE GAIN?
Provides Provides

personnel safety - #1 priority

a stable signal reference for instrument accuracy

Radio Frequency emissions & Electromagnetic Interferences (EMIs) a discharge path for short circuits and lightning strikes

Controls

Provides

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LIGHTNING PROTECTION
LIGHTNING

FACTS

Packs between 35,000 and 40,000 amperes Generates temperatures as high as 50,000 C Travels as far as 40 miles Strikes somewhere on the earth every second Kills 100 people each year in the U.S.A.

Destroys millions of dollars in property and equipment

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STATIC DISCHARGE
THE

UNWANTED SPARK

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Grounding Locations

Example: TEL-COM CELL SITE

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BURNDY HAS THREE TYPES OF GROUNDING PRODUCTS

MECHANICAL

COMPRESSION

EXOTHERMIC
(weld)

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MECHANICAL

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WHAT IS A MECHANICAL CONNECTOR?

Makes a secure connection using bolts or other hardware to bind conductors in place.

Range Taking
No special tooling Inexpensive Removable

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WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON CONNECTORS?

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS

BAR / FLAT BAR

Cable to bar with separator

GB

Cable directly to bar

GBM

Cable to bar loop

GZ

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS

BAR / FLAT BAR

Two Cables directly to bar

GCM

Two parallel cables / tap

GL

Two cable to bar with separator

GC

Eye in basket

QGFL

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
BUS

BAR / FLAT BAR

GKA

KPB

Servit post

KC

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES FENCE

POST, PIPE & TUBING

GK
Two cable Perpendicular

GP

Three cable parallel Two cable parallel

GD

Cable to rod

GAR

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
FENCE

POST, PIPE & TUBING

Cable or braid to rod

GG

GAR-TC
Servit post

KC

Cable at 45 90 degrees

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES FENCE

POST, PIPE & TUBING

Lower cost clamps

GC-A
Duel rated pipe clamps

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES
GROUND

RODS / REBAR

GRC
Cable to rod

GAR

Ground Rod Clamp

GP
Two cable perpendicular

GK
Three cable parallel

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES STATIC

GROUND

Vehicle or temporary ground

GIE

Raised flooring

GP-G1

Raised flooring

GRF

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES CABLE

& BRAID
Braid
Cable or braid to rod

GG

Spans movable areas

Cross connection

GX

Tap to run

KA

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CONNECTOR CATEGORIES TRANSFORMER

RAIL

& BEAM
KC QGFL

J&RGC

Servit post
Cable to H beam or tube

Eye in basket

GA-H

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HIGHLIGHTS: SPLIT BOLTS

KS25

AVAILABLE FROM
#2 TO 500 kcmil

UL Listed for
direct burial

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HIGHLIGHTS: Parts of a Split Bolt

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HIGHLIGHTS: Dual Rated Split Bolts

Used

for any combination of copper and aluminum conductors.

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JOINING COPPER AND ALUMINUM

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RAISED FOOR GROUNDING

RAISED

FLOOR GROUND GRIDS

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GRF CLAMP ON RAISED FLOOR

Can be used on round or square pedestals

Accommodates one or two grounding wires

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GP-G1 / GP-RT FOR RAISED FLOOR

Epoxy paint penetrating

Can be used on round or square pedestals Accommodates one or two grounding wires
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QUESTION:
WHEN

IS A MECHANICAL CONNECTOR NOT ACCEPTABLE?

ANSWER:
When a permanent connection is called out,
or When connection is exposed to severe conditions such as extreme vibration

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MECHANICAL QUESTIONS?

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BURNDYWELD

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BURNDYWELD
USES

AN EXOTHERMIC PROCESS TO JOIN COPPER A SOLID COPPER IRREVERSIBLE BOND NOT LOOSEN OR CORRODE AT THE WELD

PROVIDES

WILL

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EXOTHERMIC PROCESS
The

exothermic process is a simple, efficient method of welding copper to copper or copper to steel.
process uses a high temperature reaction of powdered copper oxide and aluminum. takes place in a graphite mold.

This

Reaction Mold This

will last for 50 or more welds with proper care.

system is very field friendly, since it is light and portable and requires no outside power.

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THE SEQUENCE OF STEPS

Open mold using handle clamp, and insert the conductors as desired Insert steel disc into the mold cavity Pour powdered metal into the mold cavity Close the lid

MOLD

Tap powder container to add the starting powder to ignition pocket

Use flint device to ignite Brush and remove mold

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1.

2.

SIX STEPS FOR A PERFECT BURNDYWELD

3.

4.

5.
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6.

OVER 57 DIFFERENT MOLDS CABLE TO CABLE

WELD TO REBAR

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MOLDS MOUNT TO FLAT OR ROUND SURFACE

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SINGLE SHOTS
PROVIDES

THE SAME WELD RESULT IN A COST EFFECTIVE, ONE TIME USE PACKAGE

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WELD QUALITY

What do you look for?

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WELD QUALITY

Many

factors contribute to the weld success

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WELD INSPECTION

HOW DO YOU TEST THE INTEGRITY OF A WELD IN THE FIELD?

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COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXOTHERMIC WELDING

Moisture Worn

molds conductors mold

Unclean Unclean

Mistakes

made in welding process

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ANY QUESTIONS ON BURNDYWELD?

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COMPRESSION

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COMPRESSION THEORY
CREATION

OF A HOMOGENEOUS MASS

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HY-GROUND SYSTEM

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COMPRESSION Range Taking Permanent Safe to install Quick and Easy

BURNDY HAS DEVELOPED AN IRREVERSIBLE COMPRESSION GROUND SYSTEM WHICH MEETS THE STRINGENT SAFETY AND PREFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS UL AND IEEE.

CONNECTORS EMPLOY WELL PROVEN DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGY THAT HAVE BEEN IN EXISTENCE FOR OVER 60 YEARS.

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COMMON APPLICATIONS
Where

HY-GROUND is used

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GRID LAY OUT

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COMPONENTS OF HY-GROUND

WHATS

NEEDED

Proper Connector Correct Crimping Tool Specified Die

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CONNECTORS

IRREVERSIBLE RATED MANY

CONNECTION

FOR DIRECT BURIAL

COMPONENTS AVAILABLE

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MEETS REQUIREMENTS
UNDERWRITERS
NATIONAL IEEE UL96

LAB TESTS

ELECTRICAL CODE

837 REQUIREMENTS

LISTED FOR LIGHTNING PROTECTION

CANADA

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION
FOR DIRECT BURIAL

APPROVED

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UL LISTINGS
Rigorous

testing in the Burndy UL facilities ensures all product exceed standards.

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SUPERIOR CONNECTION
PRE-FILLED

WITH PENETROX OXIDE-INHIBITOR

Superior connection

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PENETROX E FILLED

Air
SHOWS

VERY FEW CONTACT POINTS

Gaps

Penetrox

Fills The Gaps For Better Contact

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EASY TO INSPECT

DIE

INDEX EMBOSSMENT. Match embossed number to the number listed the on connector.
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INSTALLS IN ANY ENVIRONMENT

Installs

In Wet Environments

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COMMON TYPES - HY-GROUND

YGLR-C
Ground rod to grid

YGHC-C
Figure C

YGL-C
Cross connection

YGHP-C
Figure 6

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COMMON TYPES - HY-GROUND

YGHP-C YGHR-C
Figure 8 Crimp to structure Ground rod or tap Wire third hand

H-Tap YGIB
Splice or tap

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COMMON TYPES - HY-GROUND

YGHS HGS
Splice- heavy duty / standard

YGHA
Hylug

GSTUD-HY
Versitail weld on

YGF
Grounding plate

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FINDING THE PROPER CONNECTOR

YGHC-C

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FINDING THE PROPER CONNECTOR

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HY-GROUND CRIMPING TOOLS

Y750HS PAT750XP

18V PATRIOT 18VOLT

Y46

HY-PRESS REMOTE HEAD

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FINDING THE PROPER DIE

INSTALLATION DATA DIE INDEX NUMBER Y750/Y35 Y39
HYPRESS

1 Y45
HYPRESS

NUMBER OF HYPRESS CRIMPS

2 Y46

U-C

U-C

U-C

U-O

U-O

U-O

Installation Data Listed in Catalog

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ANY QUESTIONS ON COMPRESSION?

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WHERE DO YOU USE THE

THREE TYPES OF GROUNDING PRODUCTS?
MECHANICAL

COMPRESSION

EXOTHERMIC
(weld)

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CONNECTION APPLICATIONS

TEL-COM

TOWER
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CONNECTION APPLICATIONS

CENTRAL
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OFFICE SITE
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DIFFERENT WIRE TYPES

ALWAYS

KNOW THE SIZE AND TYPE OF WIRE YOU ARE CRIMPING

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WIRE GAGE
KEEP

A WIRE MIKE HANDY FOR WIRE IDENTIFICATION

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AVOID CORROSION
USE PENETROX-E OXIDE INHIBITOR ON COPPER CONNECTIONS

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THANKS FOR CONSIDERING BURNDY PRODUCTS

PLEASE

CONTACT US IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS OR PRODUCT NEEDS.

SERVICE (800) 451-4956

TECHNICAL

NEVER LET LIFE BE A SHOCK TO YOU!

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