Aceh and Yogjakarta

Comparing international response to the crises

Toshihiro Nakamura Team Leader, Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Unit UNDP Indonesia

INDONESIA

Source:UNDP Indonesia; UNDP BCPR

COMPARING THE MAGNITUDES OF DISASTERS

Country Disaster event Date Number killed
8,500

Damage & losses (USD)

10,281

Turkey

Earthquake

April 1999

Aceh (Indonesia)

Tsunami

December 2004

165,708

4,747

Honduras

Hurricane

Oct 1998

14,600

4,698

Yogyakarta (Indonesia)

Earthquake

May 2006

5,716

3,134

Gujurat (India)

Earthquake

June 2001

20,005

2,958

Source: Preliminary Damage and Losses Assessment, Bappenas, 2006

EMERGING PATTERNS IN DISASTER RESPONSE

Before After

Emergency relief

Immediate humanitarian assistance Humanitarian coordination HIC UNDAC No framework for medium and longer term strategy

Immediate humanitarian assistance Humanitarian coordination HIC UNDAC Damage and losses assessment (ECLAC) Followed by reconstruction master plan development DAD Multi-donor Trust Fund Coordination among and between UN and IFI MDGs

Reconstruction

Longer term development

RESPONDING TO YOGYAKARTA
Recovery Emergency relief & Recovery planning

Rehabilitation

Reconstruction

Time frame Key objective

1-2 months To save lives

2-12 months To rehabilitate basic services on:

7-24 months To revitalize all system of

Focus areas o
o o o o

Emergency response Provision of food Evacuation of the people Debris cleaning Provision of temporary settlement

o o o o o o

Public services Basic social services Basic infrastructure Basic economic infrastructure Housing rehabilitation Mental/psychosocial rehabilitation

o o o o o

Economic system Transportation Telecommunication Social and cultural reconstruction Institutional reconstruction

Source: BAPPENAS

OVERVIEW OF NATIONAL RECOVERY STRATEGY

Dec 2004 mid 2005
Recovery programme overall management & implementation Rehabilitation 6-12 months Restoring the situation to the minimum level Public services Economic facilities Banking and financial institutions Land rights Law and order Temporary shelter Reconstruction 1-3/5 years Achieving improved conditions Economy Transportation system Telecommunication system Social and cultural system Institutional capacity Housing

2009

Emergency relief & Recovery planning Time frame Key objective Focus areas - 6 months Humanitarian relief Recovery planning Emergency rescue Emergency food and medical assistance Emergency infrastructure and temporary shelter Burying the bodies Rubble clearing Livelihood Recovery planning Overall UN coordination Flash Appeal/Emergency Relief and Transitional Recovery Programme (ERTR) Support to the Damage and Losses assessment Support to the development of recovery blue print Private sector partnership

Key UNDP support

Continuation of ERTR Development and implementation of new programmes with a focus on governance within the framework of the national recovery blueprint Overall policy guidance

Source: BAPPENAS; UNDP Indonesia

DAMAGE AND LOSSES ASSESSMENT

National team BAPPDA Bappenas

Aceh team
Taskforce 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3

Jakarta team
Taskforce 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Secretariat

Secretariat

International team WB UN ADB

Communication

Source: UNDP Indonesia

YOGYA DAMAGE AND LOSSES ASSESSMENT TEAM

Sector
1: Facility and infrastructures 2: Transportation 3: IDP health and condition xxx xxx xxx

Potential UN agencies involvement

Indicative names

4: Social-cultural condition
5: Trade related services 6: Education related services 7: Energy related services 8: Live support 9: Telecommunication 10: Security Secretariat

xxx

xxx xxx xxx xxx

xx xxx xxx

Source: Bappenas, 29 May 2006

YOGYA DAMAGE AND LOSSES ASSESSMENT TEAM RESTRUCTURED

Social Sectors
Housing Education Health Religious and culture

Coordinator: ADB

Infrastructure
Transport Communcations Energy Water and Sanitation Flood control

Coordinator: WB

Productive Sectors
Agriculture Fisheries Industry and Trade

Coordinator: GTZ

Cross-Sectoral
Environment Governance and Admin. Bank and Finance

Coordinator: UNDP

Humanitarian impact

Coordinator: UN

Source: Bappenas, 29 May 2006

ECLAC METHODOLOGY SUMMARY

Sector
Basic information Developed by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) since the 1970s Valuate the socio-economic and environmental impact of a natural disaster Applied in Belize and Dominican Republic in 1998 Venezuela in 1999 El Salvador in 2001 Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004

Damage

Loss

Total

Social sector
-Affected Populations -Housing& Human settlements -Education and culture -Health sector

Infrastructure
-Energy -Water and sanitation -Transport and communication

Direct impact, which refers to the impact on assets, stock, property, valued at agreed replacement unit prices

Productive sector
-Agriculture -Trade and industry -Tourism

Overall effect
-Environment -Women -Macro economics -Employment and income

Indirect impact, which refers to flows that will be affected, such as revenue, public and private expenditure etc over the time period until the assets are recovered

There is no reference to governance issue in the methodology handbook

Source: Damage and Loss Assessment, BAPPENAS, January 2004; ECLAC handbook for estimating the socio-economic and environmental effects of disasters, ECLAC 2003

Casualties

House Damage

RAW DATA LOOK LIKE THIS

Province D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA D.I. YOGYAKARTA Kabupaten/Kota BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL BANTUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL GUNUNG KIDUL Kecamatan BAMBANG LIPURO BANGUNTAPAN BANTUL DLINGO IMOGIRI JETIS KASIHAN KRETEK PAJANGAN PANDAK PIYUNGAN PLERET PUNDONG SANDEN SEDAYU SEWON SRANDAKAN GEDANG SARI GIRISUBO KARANGMOJO NGAWEN NGLIPAR PALIYAN PANGGANG PATUK PLAYEN PONJONG PURWOSARI RONGKOP SAPTO SARI Died 548 187 234 6 119 646 54 18 34 88 156 684 333 2 3 363 6 16 0 4 0 2 1 2 27 3 4 1 0 2 Heavily Wounded 0 303 167 0 247 223 193 220 86 216 205 4078 200 25 15 250 17 289 0 5 0 0 12 13 627 33 4 15 0 10 Lightly Wounded Flattened 100 60 72 0 501 0 842 235 171 717 100 99 100 55 34 0 55 4811 0 535 0 0 0 6 0 19 0 77 0 67 0 569 0 0 0 75 0 15 0 21 0 0 0 10 Heavily Damaged 230 175 3392 75 150 1500 1167 748 2365 2273 650 1500 1100 1680 206 950 2378 2400 0 33 106 840 564 0 253 1812 104 188 0 220 Lightly Damaged

1231

3933 354 2273

1475

2378 2456 0 1 0 3154 1152 880 617 283 1906 1793 81 664

Source: Bappenas, 29 May 2006

Funding source

Grant or Loan?

Estimated Amount (USD million)

Domestic funds

N/A 2,000

1,043 (on)

Multilateral

Grant Loan

298 (off)

1,341

857 (off)

Bilateral

Grant Loan

1,366 (on)

2,223

NGO

Grant 2-3,000?

TOTAL

4,254 (on)

3,155 (off)

7,409

Source: WB/UNDP Joint working paper for Pokja 10 (financial management), WB/UNDP, Jakarta, 2005

INFORMATION PLATFORM IMMEDIATELY AFTER TSUNAMI

Programme and projects

Reports

Procurement information

Citizens corner

Pre-Tsunami sectoral information

Donor sites

About e-Aceh

Government sites

Press release

Source: WB