Antenatal care

Objectives
To screen the high risk cases To prevent /to detect and treat a the earliest complication To educate the mother about the physiology of the pregnancy and labour by demonstration ,chart and diagram To discuss with the couple about the place time and mode of delivery and care of the new born To motivate the couple about the need of family planning and appropriate device to couple seeking medical termination of pregancy

Related anatomy and physiology

External genitalia (vulva/ pudendum) 1, mons veneris /mons pubis 2, labia majora 3, labia minora 4,clitoris 5,vestibule 6,vestibular bulb

Internal genital organs

Vagina Uterus Fallopian tube Ovaries

 Reproductive system General body system 1,gastrointestinal system 2,cardiovascular system 3,respiratory system 4,renal / urinary system 5,musculoskeletal system 6,integumentary system 7, endocrine system 8,immune system 9,nervous system

Physiologic adaptation during pregnancy

Weight gain
Fetus -3.3 kg Placenta -.6 kg Liquor-.8 kg Uterus -.9 kg Breast -.4 kg Increase in blood volume -1.3 kg Increase in extra cellular fluid 1.2kg Fat and protein accumulation -3.5kg

Signs and symptoms of pregnancy

Presumptive sign Probable sign Positive sign

Minor disorder of pregnancy

Breathlessness Constipation Fainting Headache Heartburn Insomnia Backache Morning sickness Ankle edema and varicose vein Leg cramps Vaginal discharge

Complication
Hyper emesis gravid arum Bleeding in early pregnancy Bleeding in late pregnancy Gynecological disorders

Health education
Diet Rest ,sleep, bathing and clothing Dental care Care of the breast Coitus Travel Bowel Immunization Stress and tension Drugs General advice