FACTORIAL ANALYSIS

Example 1

Illustrate the step-by-step procedure for the a 2x2 Factorial Experiment in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to investigate the effect of Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) fertilizers on the paddy yield (ton/ha). The experiment was carried out with four blocks. The two factors are called P and K. The two levels of P could be 0 kg P/ha and 20 kg P/ha, whereas two levels of K were 0 kg K/ha and 15 kg K/ha. The four treatment combinations:

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Treatment 1: P0, K0 (no fertilizer used as control) Treatment 2: P0, K1 (fertilizer used: 15 kg K/ha) Treatment 3: P1, K0 (fertilizer used: 20 kg P/ha) Treatment 4: P1, K1 (fertilizer used: 20 kg P/ha and 15 kg K/ha).

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Table 1. The field layout of the 2x2 factorial experiments in RCBD Block 1 P0K1 P1K1 P1K0 P0K0 Block 2 P1K1 P0K0 P1K0 P0K1 Block 3 P0K1 P1K0 P0K0 P1K1 Block 4 P1K0 P0K0 P1K1 P0K1

The treatment plot was randomly assigned by using lottery.

ENTERING THE DATA USING SPSS

Enter variable data > Values (treatment P)> Insert numeric number (1 & 2) > Insert treatment (P0 & P1) > Add > Ok

Values (treatment K)> Insert numeric number (1 & 2) > Insert treatment (K0 & K1) > Add > Ok

Both data will look like below:

Step 1 : Entering the data

View > Value labels

Step 2: Analyze > GLM > Univariate

Step 3:
Insert Value(Parameter variable) > Dependent variable Insert both Treatments (P&K) > Fixed factors

Step 4: Model > Full factorial > Continue

OUTPUT: ANOVA Table

Analysis by using significance value:

If sig value > 0.05, H0 is received If sig value < 0.05, H0 is rejected
Significance value:
Fertilizer P (phosphorus) : 0.044 (<0.05) Fertilizer K (potassium) : 0.004 (<0.05) The mixture of P & K : 0.354 (>0.05)

Analysis for fertilizer P:

The sig value is 0.044 (<0.05), so H0 is rejected. In other words, H1 is received as the value is SIGNIFICANT. We can say that there are effects of fertilizer P (phosphorus) to the paddy yield. This is because phosphorus is one of the important micronutrient needed by paddy plant to maintain their growth.

Analysis for fertilizer K:

The sig value is 0.004 (<0.05), so H0 is rejected. In other words, H1 is received as the value is VERY SIGNIFICANT. We can say that there are effects of fertilizer K (potassium) to the paddy yield. This is because potassium is also a type of micronutrient that can increase crop yield and improve their quality.

Analysis for interaction of Phosphorus & Potassium K (P*K)

The sig value is 0.354 (>0.05), so H0 is received. In other words, H1 is rejected as the value is NOT SIGNIFICANT. We can say that there is NO INTERACTION between fertilizer P (phosphorus) and fertilizer K (potassium) to the paddy yield. This may be due to no chemical reaction between both of the fertilizer that can give effects to the yield of paddy (ton/ha).

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