POWER GENERATION FROM SPEED BREAKERS

PREPARED BYJASHOBANTI BISWAL REGDN. NO-0901106119 ELECTRICAL ENGINEEERING DEPARTMENT

Contents
Introduction

Different mechanisms Spring coil mechanism Rack pinion mechanism MERITS and demerit scope and uses CONCLUSION

introduction
A large

amount of energy is wasted at the speed breakers through friction , every time a vehicle passes over it. So electricity can be generated using the vehicle weight (potential energy) as input. So, this is a small step to try to improve this situation.

Possible using different mechanisms

spring coil mechanism Rack- Pinion mechanism Crank-shaft mechanism Roller mechanism

OUT OF THE ABOVE METHODS Crank-shaft mechanism & Roller

mechanism ARE NOT USED BECAUSE OF THE DEMERITS RELATED TO THESE METHODS.

SO ONLY spring coil mechanism & Rack- Pinion mechanism ARE DISCUSSED.

Spring coil mechanism

Working principle Conversion of mechanical energy to pneumatic energy which is converted to electical energy

Construction of the speed breaker

Here

we are making the speed breaker of vibrating type, when a vehicle crosses the speed breaker, it gets pressed and then it gets back to its original position. Dimensions of speed breaker:Height : 0.2m Width : 0.4m Length : 4m

Design of the speEd breaker

The material used in construction of speed breakers is steel. The shape of speed breaker is trapezoidal .

CONSTRUCTION OF THE TRENCH

Height: 0.35m Length : 4m Width :0.45m The bottom layer of the trench is filled with concrete or with wooden plates of 0.5m. This is for cushion effect.

Design of the spring

The

actual height of spring is 0.3m before loading.

The

deflection of the spring is given by

= 64 w *n*N*R^3 /(Gd^4)
where -deflection (in our case maximum =0.1m) w=designed load R= mean diameter of coil d =diameter of wire n=no of spring turns G= Modulus of rigidity = 8*10^4 N/mm2 N= No. of springs

The

no of turns in the spring to get the deflection of 0.1m is given by

n= Gd^4/(64 w*N*R^3)

Working process

Vehicle approaching the speed breaker

CONTINUED..
Maximum

load on the speed

breaker is when the vehicle is on

the middle of the speed breaker.

When

the load is on the speed breaker, the volume of air compressed by it is found by,

Volume of compressed air = Volume of air in base Volume of spring = (x m^3)/s

CONTINUED..
When

the pressure in the FRL unit exceeds the defined level the valve opens and the pressurized air is given to the nozzle.

nozzle
The

diameter of the inlet of nozzle must be greater than outlet. Here the pressure energy is converted to kinetic energy i.e pressurehigh velocity. This high velocity compressd air when hits the impeller ,makes it to rotate.

Impeller
Consists Casing

Runner and buckets

CASING

This is provided to safeguard device against accidents.

runner

It consists of a circular disc on the periphery of which have number of buckets evenly spaced are fixed. Each bucket is divided in to 2 symmetrical parts by a dividing wall is know as splitter. the air strikes the runner ,it rotates & continues rotation due to inertia.

When

alternator

An electrical generator is a machine which converts mechanical energy in to electrical energy. The output of the alternator is used to light the street lights & is rectified & stored in batteries.

Rack-pinion mechanism

PRINCIPLE MECHANICAL ENERGY IS CONVERTED TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Constructional details
The

various machine elements used in the construction of power hump are RACK-PINION SPROCKETS GEARS FLY WHEEL SHAFT ELECTRIC GENERATOR

Click icon to add picture

Sprocket mechanism
Transfers rotary motion between two shafts

Click icon to add picture

Gear mechanism
The input gear transfers power to the output gear.

Flywheel
This is used to regulate the energy and maintain the energy at an uniform level so that the shaft rotate at an uniform r.p.m

Constructional details

Working procedure

Here the reciprocating motion of the speedbreaker is converted into rotary motion using the rack and pinion arrangement. Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary motion into linear motion, but sometimes we use them to change linear motion into rotary motion.

CONTINUED..

The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket arrangement. The axis of the smaller sprocket is coupled to a gear arrangement. Finally the gear arrangement is coupled with the generator

Block diagram

VOLTAGE GENERATED (VS) SPEED OF VEHICLE

Speed of vehicle (km\hr)

Voltage generated (volts)

10

7.93 6.28 5.03 4.66 3.03

20 30 40 50

VOLTAGE GENERATED (VS) LOAD

Load(kgs)
Voltage generated(V)

8.33 9.45 10.22 11.23 11.81

60(man load) 130 170 200 270

merits

demerits
We have to check mechanism from time to time

Low

Budget electricity production Less floor area No obstruction to traffic Suitable at parking of multiplexes, malls, toll booths, signals, etc.

It can get rusted in rainy season May not work with light weight vehicles

Less quantity

Scope and Uses

This

mechanism is very economical and easy to install. Two protocols of this type of speed breakers are developed in India .not practically implemented till date. Practically implemented in New Jersy,China and Indonesia. Lots of researches and investgations are going on to practically utilise this technique

Conclusion
The

existing source of energy such as coal, oil etc may not be adequate to meet the ever increasing energy demands. These conventional sources of energy are also depleting and may be exhausted. These are some non-conventional methods of producing energy. This project is a one step to path of exploring the possibilities of energy from several non-conventional energy sources.

THANK YOU