Preview : Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

Deng-Hai Chen Shuang Hor Group BTRI

The Motive & Objective of Research & Development

Motive : Meeting customer expectation to reduce the amount of consumption. How to reduce the amount of consumption and yet maintain the efficacy? The need for compositional realignment. The only approach : To develop a product with extremely high content of the effective constituent - triterpenoids

Effective Constituents of Lingzhi

Species Type
Triterpenoids

Ganoderma tsugae
Ganoderic acids, ganoderiol, ganodone, and ganoaldehyde

Ganoderma lucidum
Lucidenic acids, lucideriol, lucidone and lucialdehyde.

Polysaccharides (peptides)

Macro molecular polysaccharides (peptides), hetero glucan, glucan peptides, hetero glucan peptides
Ergosterol-moiety sterols and lanosterol-moiety sterols. Uridine, guanine, and adenosine. Micro molecular protein LZ-8

Macro molecular polysaccharides (peptides), hetero glucan, glucan peptides, hetero glucan peptides
Ergosterol-moiety sterols and lanosterol-moiety sterols. Uridine, guanine and adenosine. Micro molecular protein LZ-8

Plant Steroids Nucleotides Polypeptides

Uniqueness of the Effective Constituents

Types of Effective Constituents
Triterpenoid ganoderic (lucidenic) acids Polysaccharides (peptides) Plant Sterols Nucleotides Polypeptides

Num Uniqueness ber

~200 >100 >20 ~5 ~10 Yes Nil Nil Nil Nil

Explanation
Only found in ganoderma Also found in shiitake mushroom, needle mushroom, etc. Also found in mushroom and other plants. Also found in mushrooms and other vegetables. Also found in shiitake mushroom and needle mushroom

Pharmacological Actions of Triterpenoid

Ganoderic (Lucidenic) Acids

Type of Effective constituents
Triterpenoid Ganoderic (Lucideric) Acids

Pharmacological Actions
Immune modulation, liver protection, anti-free radicals (delay ageing), improves the condition of allergic physical constitution, regulates blood sugar, subdues tumour growth (anti-cancer), reduces blood lipids, bring down blood pressure, inhibits (HIV) viruses growth, anti-inflammation, helps prevent prostate enlargement, enhances learning ability, and improves memory.

Differentiating the Good Quality Lingzhi from Others

The key determinants are ganoderic (lucideric) acids, to be followed by polysaccharides (peptides) and then neucleotides. Both Japan Health Food Authorization (JHFA) and Taiwan Functional Food GMP take ganoderic (lucideric) acids as the determining benchmark. The low content and difficulty in isolating of ganoderic (lucideric) acids explain why research works on them was much lesser than on polysaccharides.

Prominent Lingzhi Researches

Lin Zhi Bing of Peking University Health Science Centre, China Hattori Masao of Japan. Xiao Ming Xi of National Yang Ming University, Taiwan Su Qing Hua of Taipei Medical University. Lin Yun Lian of National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taiwan. Lin Shu Pin of National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taiwan Yan Guo Qin of National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan

The History of Modern Research Works on Ganoderma Effective Constituents

It all began in the 1970s. Mostly on the research of polysaccharides, as they were much easier to isolate and featured a high content. The research on triterpenoids, such as ganoderic (lucideric) acides, began only in the 1980s, because they are trace components and difficult to isolate. Due to the success in artificial cultivation, more than 200 types of triterpenoids, including ganoderic and lucideric acids, have since then been discovered.

Polysaccharides and Triterpenoids

By the 2000s, the gap in the number of research articles between triterpenoids and polysaccharides has narrowed substantially Towards the end of 2005 and beyond, there has been an increasingly bigger number of research papers on triterpenoids, mostly pertaining to anti-cancer experiments. It has been revealed that triterpenoids exhibit direct pharmacological actions, while those of polysaccharides are mostly indirect.

The Effective Constituents of Lingzhi

Polysaccharides: Diversity is essential, but the consumption amount needs not to be high (higher than 3g), as the pharmacological action are indirect. Triterpenoids: Diversity is also essential, but for particular individuals, high consumption amounts are needed in order to show efficacy.

The Processing Involved in Developing a Natural Drug

An efficacious natural substances What sort of efficacy?

Development of effective Constituents/crude drug

What are the effective Constituents?

Some Notable Natural Drugs

Lovastatin : A hypolipidemic drug for reducing blood lipids, purified from red yeast rice (Monascus app). Silymarin : A hapatinica drug for liver protection, purified from the seed of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Colchicine : A hyperuricemia drug for the treatment of gout, purified from the bulb of autumn crocus (Colchicum antumnale). Taxol : An anti-cancer drug for subduing cancer growth, purified from the bark of ground hemlock (Taxus brevifolia). To achieve high potency, it is essential to purify the effective components from raw materials.

The Ultimate Objective of Western Medicines

Developing medicinal drugs that are free from side effects. Extraction from natural substances stands the greatest chance of achieving this objective. Most of the medicine available today are known to exhibit side effects. Ganoderma : Contains ganoderic (lucideric) acids, making it the most potential to be developed into efficacious healthcare products that are safe for long-term consumption. Shuang Hor is the only enterprise having the worlds most resourceful background to develop ganoderma triterpenoids as the natural drugs

The New Milestone of Ganoderma Biotecnology: Purification & Mass-production

Purification is different from Extraction & Concentration

Extraction/ concentration

Purification
100% triterpenoids (the content of 9 ganoderic acids exceeds 50%)

Triterpenoids Raw Ganoderma (the content of 9 Ganoderic acids: ~0.2%)

Ganoderma products (the content of 9 ganoderic (lucideric) acids: 2~9%)

Progress Made in Purification Techniques

Mass production of Ganoderma triterpenoids became feasible. In 2008, the content of 9 types of ganoderic (lucideric) acids was purified to exceeding 50%. In 2009, pilot-production became a success with technology transfer to Yung Kien Plant. Shuang Hor is the worlds first enterprise to embark on the mass-production of Ganoderma triterpenoids. The first setp to bio-tech pharmaceutical production : Purification & mass-production. The purification facilities and techniquest are kept as a top trade secret.

Patent Pending for Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

The patent for the production process is now under application. Patent application numbers are 98102308 and PI20090273 for Taiwan & Malaysia respectively GANODERMA EXTRACT WITH HIGH AMOUNTS OF GANODERIC (LUCIDERIC) ACIDS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

Yung Kien Ganoderma 2 and its Raw Ingredient

YK-01 only, but should be carefully selected. Only the fruiting bodies cultured by computerized hi-tech greenhouse, and harvested with professional screening. Only those with high amounts of ganoderic acids are accepted for production.

Yung Kien Ganoderma 2 and its Process

With the inclusion of purified YK-1 triterpenoids, its content of 9 types of ganoderic acids has increased to 12% and above. Retention of the effective constituents of Yung Kien Ganoderma. Purification -> Mixing with Yung Kien Ganoderma -> Freeze Drying (Lyophilization) -> Filling Retention of the effective constituents and safety of Yung Kien Ganoderma, giving an upgraded product with rich content of triterpenoids.

Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

An innovation of Ganoderma product by the combination of agricultural biotechnology and biochemistry purification techniques.

9 Ganoderic Acids (A, B, C, etc) and Their Average Contents

6 capsules reduced to 1, which means a 6-fold increase of the content of the 9 ganoderic acids.

Yung Kien Ganoderma

2%

Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

12%

Who Can Benefit From Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

People who are unable to consume large doses (more than 20 capsules a day) and in need of large amounts of ganoderic acids. Patients of autoimmune diseases: asthma, allergies, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis, psoriasis, etc. People who suffer viral hepatitis and liver fibrosis. People who underwent organ transplantation.

Testimonial : Psoriasis (a disorder characterised by dry, scaly skin)

Psoriasis (a disorder characterised by dry, scaly skin)

Causative factors : Auto-antibodies produced by white blood cells attack the outer layer of the skin. It is an auto-immune disease. Conventional treatment: The use of powerful steroids. Symptoms were first observed in 1996 and the cause was successfully diagnosed only 3 years later (1999). Underwent treatment during 2000-2002, involving oral intake and topical application of steroid formulations. Apart from giving rise to side effect such as moon face, joint pain, lethargy, and pain while urinating, the treatment was not effective.

Psoriasis (a disorder characterised by dry, scaly skin) with Ganoderma

In 2002, began the consumption of Botanical Lingzhi (40% lingzhi + 60% pollen) With the consumption gradually increased from the initial 10 capsules to 30 capsules a day, improvement result was observed 3 month later. Following the disappearance of the silvery scales, the consumption was reduced to 10 capsules a day. In March 2006, the condition recurred due to physical exhaustion. Switched to the consumption of Yung Kien Ganoderma, 20 capsules a day for 50 days. Experienced strong vertigo reaction and become bedridden for 2 weeks. Causative factor of the onset :Sensitivity to low temperature. Upon recovery, the patient has been able to join in the oversea tour to Mt. Fuji, Japan.

Who Can Benefit from Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

An adjuvant for AIDS patients undergoing medication. An adjuvant for patients of cancerous diseases: Leukemia, liver cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer. For other cancerous diseases, the consumption of Yung Kien Ganoderma can be reduced. Both Yung Kien Ganoderma and Yung Kien Ganoderma 2 can be taken together to get a synergistic healing effect.

Testimony : Liver Cirrhosis with Complication of Liver Tumour

Suffered from liver fibrosis in 1999 at age 34, caused by hepatitis C. In 2003, began the consumption of Yung Kien Ganoderma, 12 capsules a day. Reduced to 4 capsules a day 3 months later, thinking that full recovery has been achieved. Experienced recurrence in 2005, complicated with liver tumour. Began consuming 30 capsules of Yung Kien Ganoderma a day for 7 months.

Testimony : Liver Cirrhosis with Complication of Liver Tumour (contd)

By March 2007, liver functions restored normal. The tumour disappeared and fibrosis was gone. Hepatitis C virus still detected. Continued with the consumption of 20 capsules a day. By December 2007, hepatitis C virus tested negative, with the body producing the needed antibodies. Attributing factors : 1) Had faith in Shuang Hor and Ganoderma. 2) Regained optimal health through long-term consumption in large doses (30 capsules a day).

Yung Kien Ganoderma and Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

Yung Kien Ganoderma 2 is for people with special needs, while Yung Kien Ganoderma is for ordinary people. Yung Kien Ganoderma is a Health Food, hence can be consumed by everybody For the purpose of everyday health maintenance, Yung Kien Ganoderma is good enough.

Application of Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

Yung Kien Ganoderma 2

Health Food

21st Century, the Century of Ganoderma Bio-technology

Patent owners of core technologies are destined to be the market leaders. Different effective constituents inherently cater to different targeted health-care attributes. On-going development of newer alternative products to give similar efficacy at smaller doses. Ganoderma triterpenoids show the most numerous efficacies, thus posses the greatest potential to become medicines without any side effects.