Orthogonal Netted Radar Systems

Introduction :

Monostatic Pulse Radar is the most common type of radar and is the most compact radar system.

Monostatic pulse radar has been a dominant radar form for a few decades .

It uses a single antenna for both transmission and reception of pulses.

There are unprecedented challenges being faced by the current monostatic radar, especially those used in military.

Increasingly higher requirements on radar performance

Considerable advancements in anti-radar tactics

Specifically, some of the most serious radar challenges are as follows:

Detecting and Tracking Extremely High-speed and Maneuvering Targets Detecting Stealth and Extremely low Radar Cross Section (RCS) targets Threats from Anti-Radiation Missiles(ARM) and Electronic Counter Measures (ECM) Radar Target Recognition

Detecting and Tracking Extremely High-speed and Maneuverable Targets :

Radar plays a critical role in air defense and ballistic missile defense systems . But the speed of the ballistic missiles extremely high and also extremely maneuverable. or even aircraft is

That means that less integration time is available for measurement and the measured target information is much less accurate.

target

Thus, tracking and interception of such high-speed using regular radar systems are very difficult or even impossible.

targets

Detecting Stealth and Extremely low Radar Cross Section (RCS) targets :

Stealth materials and special target shape designs have been widely used as antiradar techniques to significantly reduce the back-scattering RCS .
As a result, the detection and tracking of are very difficult for conventional monostatic radar. such low RCS targets

Using UHF/VHF band radar might help, but results in much less accurate or even unacceptable target measurement results.

Threats from Anti-Radiation Missiles(ARM) and Electronic Counter Measures (ECM) :

ARM uses electromagnetic wave beam radiated from an operating radar transmitter to guide itself and tries to locate and destroy the radar system. Thus, ARM is the fatal threat to active radar operation.

ECM system detects radar transmitter's direction interfering electronic signals to the receiver's direction.

and

sends

ECM signals are normally much stronger than the target signal, they may jam the radar receiver or overload the data processor and render the radar system obsolete.

Radar Target Recognition :

Target recognition is an essential function of many modern radar systems. It is particularly necessary in missile defense systems to differentiate target from decoy. One of the most widely used countermeasures against missile defense systems by attacking warheads is to release multitudes of decoys to confuse the interception system and to disguise the real warheads from being intercepted .

PRINCIPLE OF ORTHOGONAL NETTED RADAR SYSTEMS (ONRS)

Orthogonal Netted Radar System (ONRS) consists of multiple netted pulse radar stations with each of the radar stations transmitting a distinct coding signal from an orthogonal coding signal set. All radar stations in an ONRS operate at the same carrier frequency, and are coordinated and controlled by a Fusion Processor (FP). Each radar station in an ONRS can receive and process the echoes due to the signal transmitted by itself.

The basic architecture of ONRS operation is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1

Orthogonal coding signals must be used by ONRS to ensure that the system is capable to resolve, recognize, and extract the reflected signals sent by all transmitters. Transmitting orthogonal signals and using the parallel matched filters in Figure 2 are the keys to resolving, recognizing and extracting the transmitted signals from different transmitters in the system.

The optimal target detection performance of an ONRS with 5 radars is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3

ADVANTAGES OF ORTHOGONAL NETTED RADAR SYSTEMS

ONRS possesses the advantages of monostatic radar, bistatic radar, and traditional netted radar systems, and maximally increases the number of available radar echoes from the same target simultaneously. More Accurate Target Measurement

Simultaneous Measurement of Target Location, Velocity and Acceleration Rate

Effective Target Identification Anti-Stealth, Anti-ARM, and ECCM

KEY TECHNOLOGIES FOR DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING ONRS

Orthogonal Coding Signal Set Design Interference Reduction and Power Radiation Control Target Search Efficiency

Doppler Effect In Target Detection

ONRS Optimization

CONCLUSIONS
ONRS is capable of operating as monostatic radars and multi static radars simultaneously, to maximally increase the number of target echoes and thus to achieve much better radar performance through target information processing.

References
Netted Radar Systems, Hai Deng, Florida lnternational University WWW.wikepedia.org/radarsystems