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com

March 2011

Contents

tecnologas de acceso vs. standard version (technology acronym)

mobile evolution clarification of reasons and highlights for each technology IP ss7, sigtran or all IP

Page 2

Mobile Technology Evolution

1G: 80 Analog

TDMA

2G: 90 Digital
GSM

CDMA WCDMA

3G IMT-2000

OFDMA

4G IMT-2000

AMPS CDMA TACS IS95

UMTS

CDMA2000 LTE

NMT

D-AMPS IS-136 TD-SCDMA

Others PDC WiMAX 16d 16e

Analog Voice

Digital Voice

Voice & Broadband

Page 3

Broadband

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Detail on Telcels Evolution

LTE

UMTS

WCDMA Digital Tech., 5 Mhz carrier Voice and Data PS R99, HSPA (HSDPA, HSUPA), HSPA+

GSM

TDMA - Digital Technology, 200 khz carrier Voice Circuit Switched Data, CSD Packet Switched Data, GPRSEDGE

D-AMPS IS-136

TDMA - Digital Technology, 30 khz carrier Voice Circuit Switched Data, CSD Packet Switched Data, CDPD

AMPS

FM - Analog Technology, 30khz carrier Only voice

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Page 4

Digital Modulation
Q Q 10 11 1100 1111

1110000

11111111

00

01

0000

0011

QPSK

16QAM

00000000 64QAM

00001111

SINR RSCP

Spectral Efficency bit/Hz

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Page 5

FM, TDMA and CDMA

Single Carrier is used for single user fror the whole time the communication is on
Power

FM Radio, AMPS

Single Carrier is divided into Time Slots (3 for TDMA and 8 for GSM)
Power

Each user uses one Time Slot Time Slots are for voice or data

Narow Carrier or WideBand Carrier Single carrier is shared by different users simultaneously
Power

Each users communication is coded at TX and decoded at RX Because is the same frequency each user increases noise level for the others
Page 6

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LTE: OFDMA and Resource Block

Spectrum Allocation for LTE

Resource Block

15 khz 12 x 15 khz The whole Spectrum is divided in 15 khz sub carriers, orthogonal to each other (no interference between them) Each 12 sub carriers is one Resource Block for transmission during 1 ms.

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Page 7

LTE: Resource allocation in Downlink (OFDMA)

Spectrum is allocated per resource block every 1 ms. Resource Blocks are allocated by the scheduler, based on Class of subscriber and Services QoS RBs can be continuos or not

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Page 8

LTE: Resource allocation in Uplink (SC-FDMA)

UL uses Single Carrier -FDMA To save Power Consumption in the UE To keep Chipset simplicity RBs in the UL must be continuos, so it seems as a Single Carrier EnodeB Scheduling for Uplink

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Page 9

3GPP Network Evolution

LTE Highlights:

GERAN
BSS
Abis

-No CS

BSC

MSC

-No RNC/BSC -ENodeB interconnected -Differentiated UP and CP

2G

BTS GPRS/EDGE
Gb

UTRAN
RNC
Iub

3G

NodeB UMTS/HSDPA

SGSN + MME
S6

HSS

EUTRAN

S1-MME S1-U

Gn / S11
Gi / SGi

LTE
LTE

GGSN + SGW+PGW

eNodeB
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Page 10

LTE Network Architecture

E-RAN
eNodeB

Evolved Packet Core

S6a

HSS

Control plane User plane

PCRF LTE
S1-MME S10 S9

X2

MME
S1-U S1-MME S11 Gx

LTE
S1-U S5/S8

Operator Service Network

Serving GW PDN GW
SGi

Internet Corporate Services

eNodeB

E-NodeB Becomes smarter

-RRM -Scheduler -LTE specific features -HO & IRAT HO -SON support and implementation

ALL-IP flat network architecture Flexible deployment options for centralized services and local breakout for internet access Scalable architecture for capacity growth

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Page 11

Key Technologies in LTE

System Bandw idth Sub-carriers Sub-frame

Frequency

Time frequency resource for User 1 Time frequency resource for User 2

DL OFDMA 173M RB=12x15khz

MIMO Channel

Time

Time frequency resource for User 3

System Bandwidth Single Carrier Sub-frame

Data Streaming

Frequency

Time frequency resource for User 1 Time frequency resource for User 2

UL SC-FDMA 84M

Time

Time frequency resource for User 3

OFDMA / DL SC-FDMA / UL

MIMO

MIMO (Multiple input Multiple Output) for UL & DL Increased link capacity Multi-Users MIMO (UL) Overcome multi-path interference

LTE
64QAM

Scalable Bandwidth
Scalable Bandwidth
BW 1.4Mhz 6 72 3 Mhz 15 180 5 Mhz 25 300 10 Mhz 50 600 15 Mhz 75 900 20 Mhz 100 1200

Higher Modulation Technology increase bandwidth

RB #SC

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Page 12 Page 12

LTE Upper Layer Technologies

Trans ient perio d Talk spurt s Silent period Talk spurt s

2 2 7 7 1 1 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3

Power

Cell 1

RR Fairness

Frequency Power
Cell 2,4,6

SID frame

Frequency Power
Cell 3,5,7

20ms

160ms

Frequency

Dynamic Semi-Static

PF

HARQ/ARQ 1ms TTI PWR CTRL ICIC

Interference control

Scheduling

Throughput Max C/I

Delay EDF

LTE
ANR: Automatic Neighbor Relation

SON

Mobility

Self-Config.: Quick Deployment

File Server
S/W Config
LTE Coverage

Network Control HO IRAT Mobility

M2000, DHCP

PS Hand over
2G/3G Coverage

Config S/W

eNodeB

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Page 13

EPC Key Network Technologies

MME selection

Application / Service Layer UL Traffic Flow Aggregates UL-TFT UL-TFT RB-ID RB-ID S1-TEID DL Traffic Flow Aggregates

DL-TFT DL-TFT S5/S8-TEID S1-TEID S5/S8-TEID

MME Pool
PDN-GW selection SGW selection

Operators IP Service

UE Radio Bearer

eNodeB eNB

Serving GW S1 Bearer S5/S8 Bearer

PDN GW

SGW Pool

(EPS Bearer)

PDN-GW Pool

dynamic policy charging control

E2E QoS

Pool Resources

Hardware Pooling for Scalability and network reliability

EPS
Inter-working with 2G/3G CS & PS Networks

Interworking
Bearer before handover MSC MAP E Bearer after handover SIP signaling
GPRS
BTS

Common Core
EMS (M2000)

A common core for all wireless technology

SGSN

HSS/SPR

Control plane User plane

Gb
BSC/PCU

Iu

S3 S10

S4

S6a

PCRF

Sp S9 Gx

Iu-cs NodeB RNC SGSN Sv

EMSC

3GPP IMS

UMTS
NodeB RNC

Evolved Packet Core

MME

Handover

LTE

VCC AS
MME
CDMA

S1-MME S12 S1-U

eNodeB

S11

Gxc S5/S8
Serving GW

Gxa

S101 A10/A11

Operator SGi Service Network PDN GW

Internet Corporate Services

S103 S2a
PDSN/HSGW

SRVCC UE eNodeB

SAE-GW

BTS

BSC/PCF

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Thank you
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