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Overview of SAP BW

A business of

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1. Agenda

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Contents
SAP BW Overview and Concepts Data Modeling and Loading Introducing the Administrator Workbench Data Extraction (OLTP and Remote Systems) The ODS and Business Content Production Support

BEX Reporting

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Data Warehousing and the SAP BW Overview and Concepts

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SAP Business Information Warehouse

Data Warehouse system with optimized structures for reporting and analysis OLAP engine and tools for BEX Reporting

Integrated meta data repository

Data extraction and data staging in OLTP Preconfigured support for data sources from R/3 Systems

BAPIs for data sources from non-SAP systems

Automated Data Warehouse management Administrator Workbench for controlling and managing content

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Business Information Warehouse Architecture

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Business Content

Financial Accounting
General Ledger Accnts Receivable Accnts Payable Special Ledger Fixed Assets

Logistics
Sales

Controlling
Profitability Analysis Product Costing Overhead Costing Profit Center Accnt

Purchasing Inventory Management

Human Resources
Administration Training & Events

Production Time Management

Project Management
Payroll Accounting 7

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Close the Loop

Action

Common
Transaction Processing Analytical Applications

Meta Data

Analysis

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Extraction

Transformation
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OLTP

External

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Architecture Overview

3rd party party OLAP OLAP client clients 3rd 3rd party OLAP client
MDX

Analyzer (hosted by MS Excel)

Business Explorer

Browser

OLE-DB for OLAP Provider

Administrator Workbench
Administration Scheduling Monitor Meta Data Repository

OLAP Processor Meta Data Manager

InfoCatalog

Data Manager

InfoCubes Operational Data Store

Business Information Warehouse Server

Staging Engine
BAPI

Non R/3 Production Data Extractor Non R/3 OLTP Applications

Production Data Extractor

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OLTP Reporting

R/3 OLTP Applications

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Staging Process

InfoCube
Update Rules Update Rules
Communication Structure

InfoCube
Update Rules
Communication Structure

Business Information Warehouse Server Source Systems

Mapping & Transformation Rules

Transfer Structure

Info Sources Mapping & Transformation Rules

Transfer Structure Transfer Structure

R/3 standard extractor Data extract Sales Europe

3rd party extraction tool Data extract Sales Americas

Market Information

Research Institute R/3 OLTP System Non R/3 OLTP System

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DataSource and InfoSource

Business Information Warehouse Server Staging Engine

InfoCubes
Update Rules

Communication structure

InfoSource
Transfer Rules
Transfer Structure

Transfer Rules

Transfer Rules
Transfer Structure

(Replicated)

Transfer Structure

DataSource
Transfer Structure Transfer Structure Transfer Structure Extract Source Structure Extract Source Structure Extract Source Structure

OLTP System 1

OLTP System 2

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Extraction, Transformation and Loading

Open for any source Flexible set of ETL capabilities Integration on application level

Open to third-party tools Support of open standards

to get a complete view of your business

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Non-SAP Data Sources

Business Information Warehouse Server Administrator Workbench Meta Data Repository

Staging Engine
BAPI

Data Base

Complementary Extraction & Transformation Tool R/3 File Mainframe RDBMS

Non SAP

Staging BAPIs allow ... ... certified SAP Partners to provide ready-to-run extraction & transformation tools ... customers to integrate their non-SAP data

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Persistent Staging Area

Business Information Warehouse Server

InfoCube

Update Rules

PSA
InfoSource

Validation

InfoSource

BAPI

Data extract OLTP System

Data extract

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Administrator Workbench

Central Administration and Control

Modeling Reporting Agent Business Content Monitoring Metadata Repository

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OLAP Processor
Arbitrary drill-downs, horizontally, vertically, hierarchically Built-in functions for ...
... Aggregation: sum, count, count distinct, min / max, first / last, average by period, ... ... Comparison: difference, ratio, percent,... ... Analysis: sort, cumulated sum, time series,... ... Stock value handling ... Financial: currencies, fiscal year variants,... Derived key figures

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More OLAP Goodies ...

Hierarchies for interactive drill-down Tree-like structures on a characteristics domain Structure defined in external hierarchy table (similar to master data) no realignment problem! Flexible versioning on hierarchies Variables Determine set of data for a query at run-time which complex filters, which hierarchies?

Values for variables are calculated by the system or entered by the user
Values for variables can be used as input for formulae

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Currency Conversion
Convert during data load and/or during analysis Based on R/3 conversion rates Conversion per
fiscal year / fiscal period calendar date / period conversion rate type

Business Explorer convert

OLAP Processor
EUR

Mixed currencies within columns or rows

multi currency aggregates can be resolved by a simple dilldown by units

Staging Engine

convert

R/3

EUR

File

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Aggregates
Speed up query performance by providing pre-aggregated views on InfoCubes

Fully invisible to the end-user

Aggregates are also stored in InfoCube star schema Created by administrator depending on InfoCube semantics and query anticipation Optimized by OLAP processor selecting best aggregate data package released for queries when aggregate update complete

Built-in consistency

Zero downtime during load

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BW Data Model

Customer # Name 13970522 Brightview, Inc.

Location Palo Alto

Master data

Customer dimension

C Customer # Region

InfoCube

13970522
P C T Quantity Revenue

west

...
Fact table

Discount Sales overhead 50,000 $ 7,500 $ T Period 10 280,000 $ 60,000 $ ...

250 500,000 $ 50 100,000 $ P Product # 2101004

Product dimension

Product group displays ...

Fiscal year 1997

...

Time dimension

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InfoCube: SAP BW Design

Central data stores for reports and evaluations Contains two types of data: Key Figures Characteristics

1 Fact Table and up to 16 Dimension Tables 3 Dimensions are predefined by SAP

Time
Unit Info Package

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Info Cube Multi-Dimensional Analysis

Query Cache

Others Govt Agencies Institutions Customer Group Retail Whole sale Dept Stores East South West Regions

Furnishings

Division
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Bi-products

Glassware

Chemicals

Ceramics

Plastics

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InfoCube: Example

South

East

Region

Dept. Stores North Wholesale Retail

Customer group

Glass- Ceramics Plastics Pottery Copper Pewter ware

Division
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InfoCube: Multi-dimensional analysis

Query Cache

Characteristics:
Product group Customer group Division Area Company code Region Period Profit Center Bus. Area

InfoCube

Region

East

Customer group
Glass- Ceramics Plastics ware DeptStores Wholesale Retail

North

South

Division

Analysis of Ceramics 1 division

2 Analysis
of Plastics division

3 Analysis
of Plastics division and Southern region

East

South East

Region

Region

South

DeptStores Wholesale Retail Glass- Ceramics Plastics ware

DeptStores Wholesale Retail Glass- Ceramics Plastics ware

South

Customer group

Customer group

Region

East

Customer group
DeptStores Wholesale Retail Glass- Ceramics Plastics ware

North

North

Division

Division
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North

Division

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InfoCube: Characteristics and Key Figures

Customer group 1 100 RT-0001 North Plastics Retail Trade Characteristics

Region

Sales 4,000,000 Hours worked 1,300,000

Key Figures

Division

Key Figures are stored for a unique combination of Characteristic Values

Number of dimensions is degree of granularity / summarization level of the dataset

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What is an InfoObject ?
The various OLTP data models are unified for BW Business objects / data elements become InfoObjects
R/3 OLTP
BW Extractor

CO
Controlling

Table of cost centers

KOSTL ...

DataSource for Cost Center

InfoObject 0COSTCENTER

HR
Human Resources

Table of employees
EMPLO COST_CENTER ...

InfoObjects are unique across application components !

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Types of InfoObjects
Characteristics: evaluation groups like Cost Center, Product group, Material Have discrete values stored in their master data tables (e.g. the characteristic Region has the values North, South, ... ) Special types of characteristics:

Time characteristics like Fiscal period, Calendar year, ... Unit characteristics which comprise currencies and units of measure like Local
currency or Sales quantity

Keyfigures: continuously valued numerical fields like amounts and quantities (e.g.: Revenue and Sales quantity)

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Reporting Architecture
Analyzer defines ... Business Explorer

OLAP server OLAP Processor operates on ...

Query

Database

Database stores ...

Aggregates
stored in

Star Schema

InfoCub e
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Reporting Architecture
Business Explorer
Analyzer shows ... defines ...
stored in

Query View
OLAP server

Excel Workbook

OLAP Processor operates on ... Database

Database stores ...

Query

Aggregates
stored in
Star Schema

InfoCube
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Analyzer: Defining Queries

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Analyzer embedded in Excel

Business Explorer Analyzer ... ... implemented as an Add-in for Microsoft Excel ... links query rsults to cells in Excel workbooks (e.g. multiple queries within same worksheet) ... offers all navigation features of OLAP-Processor via mouse-click, context-menus, toolbar etc.

Workbooks as container for queries (store, e-mail)

All rendition and presentation features of Excel available

End-users build on existing Excel and MS Office know how

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Thank You

A business of