AST 473 Cessna Citation II Basic Avionics and Flight Instrumentation (UNs 210 626) Dr.

Barnhart

Avionics & Flight Instrumentation

Important note: Avionics vary widely according to specific aircraft. Spend time learning your aircraft FSIs sim. Is the old steam gauge II (models a S/N 0210 0626)

Avionics
Sperry electromechanical
Dual audio control panels Dual VHF Comm. Transceivers Dual Navs. Dual RMIs, ADF, DME Autoflight system (altitude pre-select, alt. alert, alt. reporting, and vert. nav.) Weather Radar

Avionics
Pilots Flight Instruments:
ADI (5 inch, Dual-cue flight director, 12 annunciators for flt. Director modes)- displays AOB, G/S, T&B, Loc, Radio alt) HSI RMI (w/ ADF) Altimeter- driven by Air Data Computer (ADC)

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Co-Pilots instruments:
Basic 6-pack layout w. HSI RMI (with ADF) (altimeter is conventional barometric)

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Flight Guidance- SPZ-500 autopilot/FDcomplete flight control system:
Flight Director Autopilot Pilots ADI/HSI Air Data Computer Autopilot controller Vert. Nav. System- alt. alerter, Touch Cntl Steering (TCS), rate gyro, autopilot servos

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Flt. Guidance System- operates via the pilots ADI/HSI
ADC provides P.A. input, alt. reporting, alt. pre-select, IAS hold and vert. speed mode Can be flown manually or automatically Meets CAT II requirements

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Mode Control Panel Push on/off backlighted switches Displays selected flight director mode- amber when armed or green when captured FD OFF- puts command bars down out of view- doesn't affect autopilot

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Autopilot Control Panel- provides means of engaging autopilot and yaw damper (as well as manually controlling autopilot via turn knob and pitch wheel)
Two torque modes (high and low speed- baro. set to 14,500 ft. in co-pilots static system) Autopilot switch engages autopilot and Yaw Damper (aid to pax. Comfort)

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Autopilot ctn.
SOFT RIDE switch- maintains stability in rough air- minimizes autopilot gains. TEST EACH FLT- activates a test of the current monitor for A/P
Pressing causes A/P to disengage- simulates failure of torque limiters- must disengage w/I 2 sec. AUTOPILOT OFF illuminates and warning sounds TRIM light illuminates UP/DOWN when sustained signal applied to elevator servo- trim out servo pressure prior to disengaging A/P if TRIM lt. illum.

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Touch Control Steering (TCS)- pilots cntl. wheel- allows manual mvmt. of A/C during autopilot ops. w/o cancellation of any selected mode.- Interrupts A/P ops.releasing button re-engages autopilot When using F/D & flying manually- TCS matches command bars to existing pitch attitude or V/S mode can be reset w/ TCS

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VNAV Computer/Controller- provides data inputs for alt. pre-select mode (ALTSEL), alt. alert, or vert. nav. Mode (VNAV).- data input w/ data sel. Switch and then setting w/ SET knob. VNAV ops. Only when using NAV 1 w/ DME set to NAV 1 and locked on VORTAC VNAV fcn. Only valid when going directly to or directly from a VOR/DME station

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C-14 Compass System- pilots HSI and flight director and co-pilots RMI driven by the slaved gyro system. Components:
DG Flux Detector 2 mode selector switches Remote compensator Slaving indicator on HSI 2 LH GYRO SLAVE switches- on left panel

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Ctn.
1 w/ AUTO and MAN Other w/ LH/RH position Allow selection of auto (slaved) or manual (unslaved). In AUTO (for normal ops.)compasses align @ 3 5 deg./sec. IN MAN.HSI on co-pilots RMI card can be moves L or R @ 30 deg./min. by toggling the LH-RH sw. (slaving indicator on HSI goes away).

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Ctn.
Co-pilots compass system- identical to pilots but drives co-pilots HSI and pilots RMI card If DC fail- place BATT sw. in EMER. Restores pwr. To co-pilots HSI

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Radio Altimeter- Optional- provides absolute altitude readout from 2,500 AGL to gnd. In 10 ft. incr. (5 ft. below 200 AGL)
Aux. output can be used to drive a rising runway bar on pilots ADI A DH window is included on ADI to set DH

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AOA system (optional)- Transmitter (conical sensor), flap position sensor, and indicator.
Indicator- computes AOA from transmitter and Flap sensor to provide readout. Calibrated from 0 1.0 At 0 no lift produced Red arc- beginning of low speed buffet to stall Yellow- approaching critical AOA Indices at .8 (low speed buffet), .6- [optimum app. speed- 1.3 V(SO) and V(X), and max. endurance], and .35 (max. range)

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Airspeed Indicators- uncorrected pitot/static input Mach. Input (same gauge,-different needle)from Air Data Computer (ADC) Built in ref. bug Slots in dial @ 262 and 277 KIAS show red below 14,000 ft. and from14,000 to 28,000 ft. indicating V(MO) limits (@std. 9,500 lbs ZFW) Mach limit of .705 abv. FL280- single red radial line

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2 IVSI- show vert. velocity from 0 6,000 ft.- springs and accelerometers used to reduce normal VSI lag.

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Static Ports 2 per side- fwd. of cockpit windows Dual pickups used to reduce sideslip effects Co-pilots altimeter- barometric.
Due to low vibration in turbojets this instr. Has an elec. Motor w/ an eccentric shaft attached to a baro. Altimeter to ensure its accuracy- constantly vibrates it

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Air Data Computer- electrically drives pilots altimeter and provides input to FD/AP system plus any optional equipment installed which require it. Static Discharge Wicks- dissipate Precip. Static (P static) which reduces electrostatic noise- installed on all trailing edges.

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