CTI Biofuels

Non-Confidential Presentation to

BioFueling the Future

Atlantic Greenfuels Workshop

August 1, 2013

Jatropha in Absentia
Kevin P. Reilly CTI Biofuels, Pittsburgh, PA 201 E. Carson Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 +001 412.268.1000
CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTI Biofuels is a privately owned company with offices located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

In cooperation with the Center for Advanced Fuel Technology at Carnegie Mellon University, CTIB has co-developed proprietary technology for the production of Biodiesel. The company sells preassembled modular biodiesel factories and forms joint venture partnerships to produce biodiesel. It also has technology to produce Bio-Jet Fuel, BioGasoline and Green Diesel from renewable feedstocks.

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Jatropha Curcas
Seed oil plant Grows in Tropical Climates Yields about 1.6 Tonnes per Hectare of oil similar to Rape Seed Oil Related to Cassava, Castor Bean, Sparge (it grows like a weed)

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Growing Conditions Temp Range Min 15C Max 35 C Optimum Temp 20-26 C Rain 625 mm/yr (300 2380 mm/yr) pH 5.0 6.5 Soil Rocky, Sandy or Clay Well drained without flooding Adapts to many soil types even salty soil

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Jatropha Oil

Jatropha Biodiesel

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

What to do with the Jatropha oil

Jatropha oil is toxic..???? Used as a medicine for topical treatment on skin Lamp oil Biofuel feedstock Biodiesel, Bio-Jet Fuel, Bio-Gasoline, Green Diesel

The Japanese forced the Indonesians to grow Jatropha to produce oil for the Japanese war effort during World War II. Indonesia has excellent experience in growing Jatropha but in general doesnt publish much about it.

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

What CTI Biofuels is doing with Jatropha

Starting Plantations in Indonesia and Africa Why?

Vertically integrate Biofuel business by owning feedstock production

Provide jobs for many third world areas Produce locally sustainable fuel in third world areas Use sustainable agriculture to reduce CO2

Produce profit from presently fallow or under-producing land

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

Indonesia

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Indonesian Plans
Plant 2 million Hectares of previously timbered plantations 80,000 hectares acquired Planting schedule 3000 hectares per month 2500 plants per hectare, 2 m centers (Irrigation addition)

50,000 Hectares requires 5000 people to operate

40 Hectare seed plantation 200 Hectare shaded nursery Biofuel production to meet local needs Seed oil production to meet International needs

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

10

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

11

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

12

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

13

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Jatropha Propagation
Heat treated seeds in planting mix Shoots planted in planting mix Grafting (not our plan) Cutting apical dominance

Mechanical planters

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

14

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

15

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

16

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

17

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

18

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential
Plant corn cashew nut oat palm lupine rubber seed kenaf calendula cotton hemp soybean coffee linseed hazelnut euphorbia pumpkin seed coriander mustard camelina sesame crambe safflower buffalo gourd rice Latin name
Zea mays Anacardium occidentale Avena sativa Erythea salvadorensis Lupinus albus Hevea brasiliensis Hibiscus cannabinus L. Calendula officinalis Gossypium hirsutum Cannabis sativa Glycine max Coffea arabica Linum usitatissimum Corylus avellana Euphorbia lagascae Cucurbita pepo Coriandrum sativum Brassica alba Camelina sativa Sesamum indicum Crambe abyssinica Carthamus tinctorius Cucurbita foetidissima Oriza sativa L.

BioFueling the Future

Oil Producing Crops
Kg Oil/ Hectare 145 148 183 189 195 217 230 256 273 305 375 386 402 405 440 449 450 481 490 585 589 655 665 696 Plant tung oil tree sunflower cocoa peanut opium poppy rapeseed olive tree paiassava gopher plant castor bean bacuri pecan jojoba babassu palm jatropha macadamia nut brazil nut avocado coconut oiticia buriti palm pequi macauba palm oil palm Latin Name
Aleurites fordii Helianthus annuus Theobroma cacao Arachis hypogaea Papaver somniferum Brassica napus Olea europaea Attalea funifera Euphorbia lathyris Ricinus communis Platonia insignis Carya illinoensis Simmondsia chinensis Orbignya martiana Jatropha curcas Macadamia terniflora Bertholletia excelsa Persea americana Cocos nucifera Licania rigida Mauritia flexuosa Caryocar brasiliense Acrocomia aculeata Elaeis guineensis

Kg Oil/ Hectare 790 800 863 890 978 1,000 1,019 1,112 1,119 1,188 1,197 1,505 1,528 1,541 1,590 1,887 2,010 2,217 2,260 2,520 2,743 3,142 3,775 5,000

Some of the more popular oil feedstocks are listed in this chart. The oils at the end have higher yield but require more effort to harvest and extract
CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

Tickell, Joshua. 2000. From the Fryer to the Fuel Tank

19

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Jatropha Plantation Yields

1.6 Tonnes per Hectare is world standard 2.7-4.3 Tonnes per Hectare is present Indonesian standard (Shhhhhhhh!)

A 50,000 hectare plantation will yield 80,000 tonnes per year of oil (24 million gallons which is $36 million revenue per year (Jatropha trees can last 50 years)

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

20

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

21

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

22

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

23

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Unit Conversions

1 Square Mile = 259 Hectares

50,000 Hectares = 19 Square Miles 1 Tonne 1 Kg 1 Ha = approx 300 gallons biodiesel = 2.2 pounds = 2.5 Acres

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

24

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Fuel from seed oil:

Biodiesel - Transesterification, Esterification, Super Critical MeOH

Bio-Jet Fuel Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking

Bio-Gasoline Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking Green Diesel Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

25

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Wash, Rinse, Repeat!

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

26

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Africa
50,000 Hectares to start 1 Million Hectares target

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

27

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTI Biofuels offers:

CTI BIOFUELS
Joint Ventures Direct Factory Sales Production/Operations Management Services Day to day operations management Logistics including biodiesel sales and feedstock procurement

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

28

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

Conclusion:
Jatropha is a viable feedstock for environmental, economic and social reasons Jatropha plantations although used in WWII are just re-starting Indonesia has a large knowledge base CTI Biofuels is starting plantations in Indonesia and Africa with other Tropical areas to follow Other oil feedstock may eventual supplant Jatropha but they are years away

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

29

CTI Biofuels
Non-Confidential

BioFueling the Future

CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

30