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CHILD DEVELEOPMENT
Growth = Physical Development
Increase of size & number of cells Different parts in different times Measured by anthropometry Evaluated by growth reference lines
CHILD DEVELEOPMENT
Development = Change in function
Difficult to separate from growth Abnormal growth = Abnormal Development Individual variation in development
CHILD DEVELEOPMENT
In All Children:
Development is a continuous process Stepwise eg. child cant walk before standing 4 abilities: fine motor, gross motor, language, personal / social The 4 abilities are coordinate & integrate eg. Walking is gross motor but curiosity, learning
DEVELOPMENT NEEDS
MATERIAL:
1. Housing 3. Protection 5. Clothing 7. Rest 9. Sunlight 2. Care 4. Food / nutrition 6. Warmth 8. Clean air 10. Activity
DEVELOPMENT NEEDS
PSYCHOLOGICAL / EMOTIONAL: 1. Love / Affection 2. Continuous care 3. Security 4. Self-respect 5. Education 6. Learning life skills 7. Opportunity to learn from personal experience 8. Opportunity to achieve success even if little 9. Opportunity to shoulder responsibilities
1. Diseases of pregnancy 2. Multiple preg. 3. Drugs 4. Infertility 5. Maternal exhaustion 6. Prematurity 7. Abnormal presentation 8. Postmaturity 9. Neonatal hypoxia 10. Birth injuries 11. Neonatal convulsions 12. Uterine & placental problems
DEVELOPMENT SCREENING
Is a secondary prevention tool aims at early detection of abnormalities
Is the organized procedure for early discovery of diseases or risk factors in people who are apparently healthy
DEVELOPMENT SCREENING
A screening tool is not necessarily a diagnostic tool but those at risk screened must be referred for diagnosis & treatment
Best eg. of a screening test is that for PKU. Age at which PKU was diagnosed was reduced from 4 years to 4 weeks after using screening with positive effects.