BY AKINYELURE, T.

FUELS PLANT

The Fuels Plant is designed to process both Indigenous (Nigerian)/Foreign Crude Oils, safely, efficiently and cost effectively

SOURCES OF CRUDE
Nigerian or Indigenous

Crude: Ugheli Quality Control Centre (UQCC) and Gulf Escravos Export Crude from Warri. Foreign Crude: Urals/Arabian Light, Lagomar, etc.

PROCESS UNIT
The main process units of the refinery (Fuels) can be broadly

classified under the following: Distillation Units Conversion Units Treatment Units

DISTILLATION UNITS
These units are for carrying out various types of separation of

crude and oil fractions. These include: Crude Distillation Units (CDU 1/2) Vacuum Distillation Units (VDU)

CONVERSION UNITS

These units are used to transform

some of the fractions produced by distillation into superior products or to increase the yields of needed products from heavier distillation. These include: Catalytic Reforming Unit (CRU) Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU)

TREATMENT UNITS
These units are used to treat the

finished and semi-finished products so that their characteristics are improved. These include: Naphtha Hydro-treating Unit (NHU) Kero hydro desulfurization Unit (KHU) Gas Treatment Unit (GTU) Merox Treatment Unit (Gasoline and LPG)

FUELS PROCESS AREAs

The Fuels Plant consist of

three(3)areas, as shown in the diagram below, with their various process units

PROCESS UNITS
Local Crude 60,000BPSD Foreign Crude 50,000BPSD

AREA I Crude Distillation Unit 10 Vacuum Distillation Unit 15 Sour Water System Unit 29 Crude Distillation Unit (II) 20 Flare Unit 61

AREA 2 Naphtha Hydro-treating Unit 11 Catalytic Reforming Unit 12 Kero Hydrodesulfurization Unit 13 Gas Concentration Unit 14 Gas Treatment Unit 17 Sulphur Recovery Unit 19

AREA 3

Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit 16

Gasoline Merox Unit 18

LPG Merox Unit 30

PRODUCT
Liquidfied petroleum gas Propane Butane Mixed LPG (cooking Gas) Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) House hold Kerosene, (HHK) Aviation Turbine Kero (ATK) Automobile Gas Oil (AGO) Low Pour Fuel Oil (LPFO) High Pour Fuel Oil (HPFO) Sulfur flakes

INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS
Light Naphtha Heavy Naphtha Reformate FCCU Gasoline Light Gas Oil Heavy Gas Oil Long residue or reduced crude Light Vacuum Gas Oil Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil Short residue Decant Oil Light Cycle Oil

By products

Off gas C2 + lighters Hydrogen Gas

PRODUCTS OF FUELS PLANTS

LPG

PMS
Kerosene ATK

120MT/Day 3857MT/Day 1686MT/Day

AGO
LPFO Sulphur

3000MT/Day 2010MT/Day 10MT/Day

PROCESS UNIT INTEGRATION

FUEL GAS

GTU

SRU LPG MEROX GCU

SULPHUR

LPG MIXED LPG

NHU CRU KHU FCCU GASOLIN E MEROX

PMS

DPK

CDU-I

KERO GAS OIL

VDU

SRS-I

MAJOR EQUIPMENT
Classify into two broad head lines 1. Rotating steam turbine or electric motor driven 2. Static equipment

1. Rotating steam turbine or electric motor driven

COMPRESSORS/BLOWERS

Centrifugal Reciprocating Screw Rotary Air fin cooler Force draft fan Induced draft fan

PUMPS
Centrifugal pump Reciprocating pump Screw pump

Rotary pump

OTHERS
Rotary heat exchanger

(CDU I/II Heaters)

2.STATIC EQUIPMENT
Vessels

Tanks fractionators Reactors(NHU/CRU/FCCU) Dryers(CRU/PPU/CDU I/II) Filters(GCU/PPU) Clarifiers Contactors Phase Separators Coalescer

Heat Exchangers

Shell/Tube (U-Tube, Floating Head Type/Co-Current or Counter Current) Plate Heat Exchangers

Fired Heaters

Process Heaters Boilers

Ejectors

CHEMICALS
Corrosion inhibitor

Liquid ammonia
Demulsifier Lubricants

Chlorination Agent
Catalyst DEA

Caustic Solution

ETC

CDUI/2
10P01ABC

10E01-4
DESALTER 10D03 10E05-06 PRE-FLASH DRUM10D01 10E07/08/09 PREFRACTIONATOR 10H01/H02 10E22 PN

MAINFRACTIONATOR 10C01 LRS

W/N KERO LGO HGO

VDU I
LRS
15E01A-E/15E02A/B 15H01 15C01 SR LGO HGO

NHU
CDU1/2 WN 11D05

11H01
11R01 11D01 11D04 11C01 11C02 HN CRU LPG LN

CRU
12E01 12H01-04 12D01 12D03 LPG 12C01 RMT TO TANK

FROM 12C01 LPG CONTACTOR 14C01 14D01 14D02 CAUSTIC SETTLER 14D03 CAUSTIC COALESCER 14C02 DEETHANIZER 14C03 DEPROPANIZER

GCU

C2/LIGHTERS C3 TO PDU/MDU/TANK MIXED LPG C4 TO VAPOURIZER C4 TO TANK

GTU
17D01 FEED GAS KO DRUM 17C01 FUEL GAS ABSORBER 17D02 TREATED GAS KO DRUM 17C02 DEA REGENERATOR 17D03 DEA REGENERATOR OH REGENERATED DEA

CLEAN ACID GAS TO SRU

FCCU
HGO/VGU 16D15

16H02

16R01
LPG/OFF GAS FCC GASOLINE DCO

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