Islanding System in RSP

An Overview

Islanding
Deliberate act of Isolation of a running Unit/s with compatible loads to save the Unit/s from tripping when Grid is having unstable condition.

RSP Power System..

Islanding Scheme

Islanding with One unit..

Sensing Islanding Condition

At MSDS-II:
Single Unit Islanding & Double Unit Islanding
Relay 1A & 1B connected to HSL Feeder-1 Relay 2A & 2B connected to HSL Feeder-2
MiCOM P341 (Areva Make) numerical relays

At CPP-II
Single Unit followed by Double Unit Islanding
FCX Relay connected to 132kV Islanding Bus CVT
Sensing Under frequency during islanded condition

Islanding Conditions
Directional O/C ( E/F) combined with Under Voltage
Over Current
Directional Forward ( towards line) IEC E Inv, 300A ( Each Feeder), TMS-0.125
150A, 0.125 for One Generator / One Feeder condition

Under Voltage
Definite Time 52.66 kV ( 70%) Phase- Neutral Time Delay- 0 s

Islanding Conditions
Reverse Power combined with U/F
Reverse Power
Directional Forward ( towards line) 28.8MW ( Each Feeder) for 5 Sec

Under Frequency
48 Hz for 1.0 Sec

Pure Under Frequency

47.6 Hz for 300 ms

Rate of change of Frequency

1.5 Hz /sec ( +/-) Time Delay 200 ms Inhibit band 49.5 50.5 Hz

Islanding Conditions
Under Voltage (pure)
60 kV ( 80%) ( Phase to Neutral) Definite Time ; Time delay 1.5 sec

Over Voltage
91.2 kV ( 120%) ( Phase to Neutral)
Definite Time ; Time delay 2.0 sec

Voltage Vector shift

10 Degree

Sequence Logic
HSL FDR-1 OFF HSL FDR-2 OFF
AND

RM-2
d5

TRIP HSL FDR-1 & 2

1A

1B

d4 DU
OR

CPP-1

CPP-2

d1

b1 SU

2A

2B

d2/d3 MSDS-2

Sequence Logic
SU d9 SU MSDS-3

MSDS-2 d6 CPP-2 U/F

OR

SU
TRIP SEC-2 B/C

RM-1

DU
d8 CPP-1

DU

Sequence Logic
AND

C22

DU

U1 U2

DU DU
U1 AND AND

FCX

RH29

MSDS-2

U2

G1
U1 AND

G2

SU SU
U2 U1 AND

OR
U2

U1

U2

OR
SU
AND AND

C21

CPP-1

TRIP MD2 LINE TRIP B/C

CPP-2

Synchronisation

Evolution
Inception 1980 MSDS-3 1987 1989-90
RM-1 Grid

CPP-2

MSDS-3

MSDS-2 MSDS-2

RM-1 Gen CPP-1-GEN

RM-2

1997
CPP-1-GRID

33 KV GRID

Evolution of Islanding Scheme

Since inception
Isolation from grid at CPP-I and RM-1 through voltage dependent U/F relays.
Independent Relays at CPP-1 and RM-1

1987
CPP-2 units commissioned No Islanding scheme was available for CPP-2 units.

1989
Single Unit Islanding scheme commissioned
U/F, -dF/dt & U/V isolation provided
Scheme suggested by Consultant (TCE) Although Double Unit Islanding scheme was provided by consultant, it was not taken into service.

Evolution of Islanding Scheme

1999
Islanding on U/V kept defected.
To prevent isolation followed by tripping of Islanded unit during U/V caused by internal faults.

2000
DOC Islanding put into service
Current feedback to grid combined with Under Voltage initiated isolation Isolation of HSL Fdr- 1&2 at MSDS-II IEC SI curve for DOC

DU and SU islanding also included in the scheme.

Evolution of Islanding Scheme

2002
Numerical Islanding relay installed at MSDS-2 DOC / DEF combined with U/V used for double unit isolation.

2005
DOC /DEF combined with U/V implemented for Single Unit Islanding also.

2006
Islanding scheme as in service now implemented.

Features of Present Scheme

Sensing of all islanding conditions shifted to MSDS-2 ( Common Coupling point) dF/dt rise, Over voltage , Over Frequency, Under Voltage and Vector Shift introduced. IEC EI characteristics for DOC/ DEF
For in-sensitivity to remote end faults

Directional O/C & E/F relays introduced in grid side of HSL fdr.
To prevent tripping in case of grid fault.

Dynamic relay setting for single Unit/ single Feeder configuration. Dedicated Islanding Panel commissioned in MSDS-2

Constraints.
Post islanding stability of CPP-2 units is not satisfactory.
No of failure of Units after successful isolation is very high
Problems attributed to Governing & Excitation system

System is not designed from islanding perspective

No dedicated load connected to generator bus All grid faults are terminal faults to CPP-2 generators. Transmission & Distribution configuration is inadequate in isolated condition Multi-point isolation.

Constraints.
Constraints of Islanding Load
Fluctuating Loads have to be shed during islanded condition

Manual estimation islanding loads.

Post islanding load management feature not available Failure of islanding due to load-starvation

Failure of islanding due to non-system faults

Complicated Sequence logic Multiple islanding locations connected by control cabling CPP-2 unit status and Grid Power status not available in islanding scheme

Constraints
Difficult synchronization process
Synchronization facility not available in Common Coupling point ( MSD-2) Multiple operations required for synchronization. Multiple asynchronous points

CPP-1 & CPP-2 not running synchronism after islanding

Limit on islanding loads even in presence of generation capability

Information for Disturbance / Failure analysis not available

Actions
Dedicated control cables between islanding locations
Status of Grid side CB of HSL feeders and CPP-2 unit CB shall be available No. of interposing relays shall be reduced- Islanding commands shall be transmitted radially.
Cable Laying job under progress- completion expected by Mar07

Redundant Islanding relays

Ensure 100% sensing of islanding conditions
Commissioned in Jun06

Third HSL Feeder to MSDS-3

HSM/LHF can run during islanding(if power is available) Synchronization shall be easier.
Job under progress- expected by APR07