Constructing An Islamic Worldview Within The Framework Of Science And Its Sciences

By Prof. Dr. Ahmed Fouad Basha, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt Presented By Prof. Dr. Waleed Faris, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia

In science there are no 'depths'; there is surface everywhere. Carnap (1929) from the Vienna Circle manifesto.

Introduction
The philosophy of science is concerned with all the assumptions, foundations, methods, implications of science, and with the use and merit of science. This discipline sometimes overlaps metaphysics, ontology and epistemology, viz., when it explores whether scientific results comprise a study of truth. In addition to these central problems of science as a whole, many philosophers of science consider problems that apply to particular sciences (e.g. philosophy of biology or philosophy of physics). Some philosophers of science also use contemporary results in science to reach conclusions about philosophy.

Sciences of Science

History of science and technology Epistemology of science Sociology of science Scientific methodology Ontology of science Axiology of science Psychology of science

Epistemology of Science
What is knowledge, and what do we mean when we say that we know something? What is the source of knowledge, and how do we know if it is reliable? What is the scope of knowledge, and what are its limitations?

Ontology of Science

What is existence, i.e. what does it mean for a being to be? Is existence a property? Which entities, if any, are fundamental? Are all entities objects? How do the properties of an object relate to the object itself? What features are the essential, as opposed to merely accidental attributes of a given object? What is a physical object? Can one give an account of what it means to say that a physical object exists? Can one give an account of what it means to say that a non-physical entity exists? What constitutes the identity of an object? When does an object go out of existence, as opposed to merely changing?

Axiology of Science
Axiology studies mainly two kinds of values: ethics and aesthetics. Ethics investigates the concepts of "right" and "good" in individual and social conduct. Aesthetics studies the concepts of "beauty" and "harmony."

C.P.Snow and the Two Cultures

The Two Cultures is the title of the first part of an influential 1959 Rede Lecture by British scientist and novelist C. P. Snow. Its thesis was that "the intellectual life of the whole of western society" was split into the titular two cultures namely the sciences and the humanities and that this was a major hindrance to solving the world's problems.

Snows Two Culture Model

Bashas Model of Unity of Science

Unity of Science
The topic of unity in the sciences includes the following questions: Is there one privileged, most basic kind of material, and if not, how are the different kinds of material in the universe related? Can the various natural sciences (physics, astronomy, chemistry, biology) be unified into a single overarching theory, and can theories within a single science (e.g., general relativity and quantum theory in physics) be unified? Does the unification of these parts of science involve only matters of fact or are matters of value involved as well? What about matters of method, material, institutional, ethical and other aspects of intellectual cooperation? Moreover, what kinds of unity in the sciences are there, and is unification merely a relation between concepts or terms (i.e., a matter of semantics), or is it also a relation between the theories, people, objects, or objectives that they are part of?

Bashas IslamicisationEequation
Islamicization Alignment= Entrenching+Correction+Screening+ Guidance

= + + +

What needs to be done?

Islamicisation alignment Working on the sciences of science Including the faith (Iman) aspects in the ontology of science. Working on Bashas Model of unity of science as a suggested Islamic approach. More Muslim researchers in philosophy of science.

Thank You