What is a centrifugal pump?

Three basic components: Volute, casing, body

or Diffuser
Impeller

or impellers
Driver

(motor)

Pump Impeller
Direction of rotation

Vanes

Centrifugal Pumps

Typical single suction impeller

Centrifugal Pumps

Single suction impeller

Centrifugal Pumps

Impeller Types
Open Semi-open Closed - Single suction - Double suction Non-clogging Axial flow Mixed flow
Centrifugal Pumps

Full Diameter Impeller

V r
Rotation

Vs Vt
Vr = Radial Velocity Vt = Tangential Velocity
Impeller Blades
Centrifugal Pumps

Vs = Vector Sum Velocity

Impeller and volute

Arrows represent the direction of water flow

Discharge Nozzle

Cutwater Suction Eye

Centrifugal Pumps

End Suction Pump

26 sizes To 4400 gpm To 520 ft TDH To 150 HP To 8x10 General Purpose Motor

Series 1510

Centrifugal Pumps

Section View
Bell & Gossett Series 1510 Standard Construction

Gauge Taps

Centrifugal Pumps

Close-Coupled Pump
20 sizes To 2600 gpm To 520 ft TDH To 60 HP To 6x8 Special Purpose Motor

Series 1531 Pump

Centrifugal Pumps

Large, Line Mounted Pump

Close coupled 18 sizes To 2600 gpm To 410 ft TDH To 60 HP To 8x8 Special Purpose Motor

Series 80
Centrifugal Pumps

Multi-stage pumps
Multi-stage, diffuser design 8 sizes, stainless steel to 600 gpm to 1200 ft to 75 hp, 3500 rpm many options for suction and discharge nozzles Bell & Gossett Series 3550

Centrifugal Pumps

Multi-stage pump

Diffusers

Bell & Gossett Series 3550

Centrifugal Pumps

Vertical Turbine
Submersible 48 Models 5 - 14 bowls 40 - 2000 gpm 25 - 300 feet head Lineshaft 88 Models 5-20 bowls 4 Styles 20 - 10,000 gpm 7 - 200 feet head

Centrifugal Pumps

Double Suction Pump

37 sizes To 12500 gpm To 840 ft TDH To 1000 HP To 14x18 General Purpose Motor

Bell & Gossett Series HSC

Centrifugal Pumps

Typical Split Case Pump- Section View

Centrifugal Pumps

Double Suction Pump

Series VSC

Series VSCS 17 sizes To 8000 gpm To 400 ft TDH To 600 HP To 12x14 General Purpose Motor

Centrifugal Pumps

VSC Pump- Section View

Centrifugal Pumps

Pump Construction
Standard

construction, any impeller Mechanical seal Internally flushed, seal cavity Variety of seal materials Stuffing box construction, any impeller External flush lines Compression packing rings Single flushed mechanical seal
Centrifugal Pumps

Standard construction
Bell & Gossett Series 1510 Standard Construction

Centrifugal Pumps

Seals
Environment Vessel Wall

Shaft Process Fluid

Leakage

Centrifugal Pumps

B&G Pump Construction

Standard construction, any impeller Mechanical seal Internally flushed, seal cavity Variety of seal materials

Centrifugal Pumps

Mechanical Seal
Stationary Assembly Graphite Seal Ring Compression Ring Ceramic Seal Insert Retainer (Sec Seal)

Gasket Secondary Seal (Seal Bellows)

Impeller

Rotary Assy
Centrifugal Pumps

Seal Cavity

Centrifugal Pumps

Standard construction
Bell & Gossett Series 1510 Standard Construction

Centrifugal Pumps

Limits On Seal Performance

Temperature of the flushing water.

225F to 250F

System pH.
7 to 9 for ceramic seals up to 11 for tungsten carbide seals

Concentration

of dissolved solids.

TDS less than 1000 ppm

Concentration of suspended solids.

Less than 20 ppm Silica, less than 10 ppm
Centrifugal Pumps

Internally Flushed Mechanical Seals

Bell & Gossett Series HSC3 Standard Construction

Centrifugal Pumps

Pump Construction
Stuffing

box construction, any impeller External flush lines

Internal or External Fluid

Compression packing rings Single flushed mechanical seal

Centrifugal Pumps

Packing

Environment

Vessel Wall Shaft

Process Fluid
Leakage

Centrifugal Pumps

Stuffing box with packing

Centrifugal Pumps

Packing Installation

Centrifugal Pumps

Bypass Flush Line

Bell & Gossett Series HSC-S

Centrifugal Pumps

Liquid-Abrasives Separator

Centrifugal Pumps

Whats suitable?
Impeller

Single suction or double suction.

Volutes

Base mounted or in-line.

Internally

flushed or stuffing box. Single stage or multi stage. Packing, seal or wet rotor.
Centrifugal Pumps

Angular Misalignment

Centrifugal Pumps

Parallel or Offset Misalignment

Centrifugal Pumps

Suction Piping Detail

5 dia.

RIGHT 1. Pipe supported 2. Length of suction piping allows even impeller loading

WRONG 1. Pipe weight hangs on pump flange. 2. Short suction pipe results in uneven impeller loading.
Centrifugal Pumps

Why 5 diameters?
Single Suction Impeller

Centrifugal Pumps

Installation

Centrifugal Pumps

Typical installation

Pump Motor Hoist Beam Trolley with Manual Hook-Type Hoist

Flow

Triple Duty Valve

Suction Diffuser

Elbow Support
(Anchor to Base)

Solid Base Foundation

Vertical Turbine Pump

Driver Discharge Head Column

Bowl Assembly

Centrifugal Pumps

Comments? Questions? Observations?