Lesson 6 Phonics Reading

Scheme

prepared by Kinsley Ng Sen Fa, Segi College Penang, Program DECE

English Words

Spoken:
24 consonant sounds
20 vowel sounds

Written:
21 consonant sounds
5 vowel sounds
Sand paper
letters

– teach 26 alphabet sounds

(actually 23 sounds: 18
consonant and 5 vowel sounds)

Written:
21 consonant sounds
5 vowel sounds
To teach phonological awareness
(the sounds of spoken language)

Sand paper letters

Teach 26 alphabet sounds (actually

23 sounds) – 18 consonants and 5
vowels

Ant
Elf
Ink
Ox
Up
Phonemes

The smallest parts of spoken

language that combine to form
words. For example, the word hit
is made up of three phonemes (h
/ I / t ) and differs by one
phoneme from the words “pit”,
“hip” and “hot”
Phonological awareness

The understanding that spoken

language is made up of a
sequence of individual and
separate sounds. In addition to
phonemes, phonological
awareness activities involves
working with rimes, words,
sentences and syllables.
Stages of phonological development,
involves the recognition that:

•Sentences are made up of words

•Words can rhyme
•Words can be broken into syllables
•Words can be broken into onsets and rhymes
•Words cab have the same medial sounds
•Words can be broken into individual phonemes
•Sounds can be changed to form new words
Onsets and rimes

The onset of a syllable is its initial consonant(s),

and the rime is its vowel and any subsequent
consonants in the syllable. Thus, in the syllables
sip-ship, the onsets are s and sh and the
common rime is ip
Children who has
acquired phonemic
awareness are able to:

Hear rhymes and onsets

Blend sounds to make words
Count the number of sounds (phonemes) in a word
Identify the initial, middle and ending sounds
Substitute one phoneme for another
Delete phonemes from a word to form a new word
How many speech
sounds are there?

BOX
In one study (Mather et al., cited in Hempenstall,
2004), only 2 % of teachers-in-training and 19% of
working teachers knew the answers
How many speech
sounds are there?
Significantly improves Effective for children
reading comprehension from various
backgrounds.

Significantly improves
Particularly
word recognition and
beneficial for
spelling
children who are at
Why learn risk for developing
phonics? future reading
problems

More effective than no

phonic instruction
Is more effective
when introduce
early
 Focus on the initial
sound (Onset)

Ant Apple Arrow

Elf Egg Elbow
Ink Igloo Insect
Ox Orange Octagon
Up Umpire Under
Consonant sounds

B bag L log V van

C/K cup, kid, duck M man W web
D dog N net Y yak
F fin P pen Z zip
G gum R rat
H hat S sun
J jam
T tap
3 letter direct
phonic words Dog Hat
arranged with
moveable
alphabet
Dog
using
concrete
objects or
pictures Ant
Magic words

Bet It But
Did Get At
On Lot Had
Let And Is
In Not
Got Bid
Rhyming words

Am En Ig
Dam Den Big
Ham Hen Dig
Jam Men Fig
Yam Pen Jig
Early grammar –
sight words

The The She

He He Me
To I My
her A
A cat
A hat
A fat cat
The fat cat is wearing a hat
A top
A big top
It is a big top
A dog
A box
The dog is in the box
Is the dog on the box?
no, the dog is not on the
box
It sits in the box