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Intersystem Operability SVU Session
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Title Reference Target Group Technology Software Release Service Service Item Version Version Date Intersystem Operability SVU Session, Ericsson RAN NSN MS, CM, MV team NPO UTRAN/GERAN WCDMA, GSM, Ericsson WCDMA P7, GSM 10A RAN Tuning and Optimisation Intersystem Tuning and Optimisation Ver. 1.0 31 August 2010
Version 1.0
Section All
Comment Final
Contents
Mobile Network Architecture IRAT Strategies Features related to IRAT Idle mode and common channels IRAT Deployment and tuning in idle mode Connected mode IRAT Deployment and tuning in connected mode
Contents
Mobile Network Architecture IRAT Strategies Features related to IRAT Idle mode and common channels IRAT Deployment and tuning in idle mode Connected mode IRAT Deployment and tuning in connected mode
IRAT Strategies
The Inter-system strategies, or as Ericsson like to call it Inter-Radio Access Technology (IRAT) strategies are implemented through parameters in both GSM and WCDMA.
Idle mode: WCDMA users in state IDLE, CELL_FACH and URA_PCH GSM users in state Idle and Packet transfer mode
In these states the IRAT cell reselection is controlled by the UE.
Connected mode: WCDMA users in state CELL_DCH (CS and PS) GSM speech users (CS)
Handover Network controlled Dedicated Cell_DCH Dedicated Cell_DCH Common Cell_FACH Dedicated TCH CS
Cell Change Network controlled Cell Reselection UE controlled Cell Reselection UE controlled
Common PDCH
PS
Idle
WCDMA
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GSM GPRS/EDGE
IRAT Strategies
The main strategy is to minimize number of system transitions and to get highest possible throughput for PS services
Idle mode
Camp on WCDMA whenever there is coverage, allowing immediate access to higher bit rates for PS services whilst maximizing possibility to set up and receive video calls
Connected mode
Calls set up in WCDMA (Speech, CS and PS) should be kept there as long as possible Speech calls set up in GSM Move the call from GSM to WCDMA when the quality is acceptable and keep it on WCDMA
as long as possible (pro - ability to set up multirab, cons risk of drop during IRAT handover and a risk for ping pong handover)
Keep the call in GSM until its terminated (pro - no IRAT handover and more capacity left for
PS data in WCDMA)
Packet calls set up in GSM should be handed over to WCDMA as soon as coverage and quality
are acceptable. The same parameters manage connections in GSM idle mode and packet transfer mode so they must be tuned to satisfy both strategies. Furthermore, parameters must be set to avoid ping pong handover
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IRAT Strategies
Main goals of tunning and optimizing IRAT
Prevent/minimising ping pong HO or cell change in idle and connected mode Keep users away from entering in CPM unless absolutely necessary Maximizing the WCDMA coverage by applying as low trigger levels to GSM as possible without
performance degradation
Improve IRAT success rate and decrease IRAT return rate in connected mode Lower WCDMA drop rate and IRAT HO activity rate in connected mode Minimized time spent in CPM Decreasing the number of CPM periods without IRAT HO or CC
Ping pong HO/CC and needlessly entering CPM can seriously damage users performance experience and degrade network capacity as well as throughput for PS connections.
Proper IRAT neighbours must be defined and implemented. UE brand commonly used in the operators network should be used for drive testing
Contents
Mobile Network Architecture IRAT Strategies Features related to IRAT Idle mode and common channels IRAT Deployment and tuning in idle mode Connected mode IRAT Deployment and tuning in connected mode
Should (CM for GSM measurements should start immediately in order to perform IRAT transfer of
the connection as soon as possible)
Should not (CM for GSM measurements nor IRAT transfer of the connection should not be initiated
unless the IRAT transfer is not required to save the connection due to bad quality or low signal strength)
Shall not (CM for GSM measurements nor IRAT transfer of the connection should not be initiated
regardless of any radio related reason)
Missing value
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Improved DL coverage
Feature Improved DL Coverage allows UEs to access the system with CPICH RSCP coverage level of -119 dBm instead of -115 dBm without the feature. To benefit from the feature, cell reselection to GSM should be avoided and this is accomplished by disabling the start of GSM measurements.
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Contents
Mobile Network Architecture IRAT Strategies Features related to IRAT Idle mode and common channels IRAT Deployment and tuning in idle mode Connected mode IRAT Deployment and tuning in connected mode
qQualMin - minimum quality access level to the WCDMA network. qRxLevMin - minimum signal strength access level to the WCDMA network. Pcompensation - If there is a mix of 21dBm and 24 dBm UEs in the network there is a need for compensation factor. P - UE output power according to its class. Tuning of idle mode IRAT thresholds is done with parameters sRatSearch and sHcsRat. Recommended values are qQualMin=-18, sRatSearch=4, qRxLevMin=-115, sHcsRat=3
IRAT only: interFreqFddMeasIndicator=FALSE and fachMeasOccCycLenCoeff=4 Both IFHO and IRAT: interFreqFddMeasIndicator=TRUE and fachMeasOccCycLenCoeff=3
Qmeas - quality value of the received signal, derived from the average CPICH Ec/No or CPICH RSCP level for WCDMA cells and from the average received signal level for GSM cells. (s) means serving and (n) is for the neighbour cell.
qHyst(s) - hysteresis value. Set by qHyst1 (for RSCP ranking) or qHyst2 (for Ec/No ranking). qOffset(s,n) - offset between serving cell and neighbour cell, defined per cell relation. Can be used to move borders between two cells and is set by qOffset1sn or qOffset2sn. Qofmbms and TO(n) - offsets for the features MBMS and HCS. IRAT cell reselection to GSM takes place if a GSM cell is ranked as the strongest cell according to ranking criteria during treSelection seconds. Recommended settings: qOffset1sn=7, qHyst1=4, qHyst2=4 and treSelection=4
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Always (QSI =7) Never (QSI =15) When signal strength of the GSM cell is above a certain value (QSI is from 8 to 14 from -78dBm to 54dBm with 4dBm step)
When signal strength of GSM cell is below a certain value (QSI is from 0 to 6 from -98dBm to -74dBm with
4dBm step) The recommendation for GSM cells that have WCDMA neighbours is to have QSI=7 (Always) in order to enable cell reselection to WCDMA also in the areas with good GSM coverage. In GSM cells outside WCDMA coverage, set QSI=15. This means WCDMA measurements are turned off, which saves battery in the UEs.
FDDQOFF sets an offset between signal strength of GSM cells and the defined WCDMA neighbours.
Recommended settings: FDDQOFF=0 (-inf), FDDQMIN=5 (-10dB)
Contents
Mobile Network Architecture IRAT Strategies Features related to IRAT Idle mode and common channels IRAT Deployment and tuning in idle mode Connected mode IRAT Deployment and tuning in connected mode
qQualMin + sRatSearch FDDQMIN + 4dB Increase the difference in Ec/No thresholds with sRatSearch or FDDQMIN timeToTrigger parameters
To avoid too many unnecessary IRAT cell selections due to slow intra frequency cell reselection in WCDMA:
FDDRSCPMIN FDDQOFF can be set to -28, -20 dBm or even higher for co-site sHcsRat
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Contents
Mobile Network Architecture IRAT Strategies Features related to IRAT Idle mode and common channels IRAT Deployment and tuning in idle mode Connected mode IRAT Deployment and tuning in connected mode
If all cells in AS have hoType (or defaultHoType) set to "NONE", then IRAT (and IFHO)
measurements are not started
If at least one cell in the AS has hoType (or defaultHoType) set to "IF_PREFERRED" then the
preferred HO type is IF
If at least one cell in the AS has hoType (or defaultHoType) set to "GSM_PREFERRED" and no cell
in the AS has hoType (or defaultHoType) set to "IF_PREFERRED" then the preferred HO type is GSM
During IRAT activation there are two things that should be kept in mind: - time in CPM should be minimized due to decreased network capacity - number of PS ping pong handovers should be kept to a minimum since these might cause long outage times
CPICH Ec/No < event 2d Ec/No threshold or CPICH RSCP < event 2d RSCP threshold or UeTxPower = event 6d threshold Event 2d Ec/No threshold: usedFreqThresh2dEcno + serviceOffset2dEcNo - hysteresis2d/2 Event 2d RSCP threshold: usedFreqThresh2dRscp + serviceOffset2dRscp - hysteresis2d/2 Event 6d threshold: parameter txPowerConnQualMonEnabled defines whether connection quality monitoring, using Tx Power Measurements is enabled or not.
CPICH Ec/No > event 2f Ec/No threshold and CPICH RSCP > event 2f RSCP threshold and UeTxPower < event 6b threshold Event 2f Ec/No threshold: usedFreqRelThresh2fEcno + usedFreqThresh2dEcno + serviceOffset2dEcNo + hysteresis2f/2 Event 2f RSCP threshold: usedFreqRelThresh2fRscp + usedFreqThresh2dRscp + serviceOffset2dRscp + hysteresis2f/2 Event 6b threshold: ueTxPowerThresh6b
Shall not Never hand over to GSM Should not Handover to GSM is allowed only when loosing coverage (normal IRAT HO) Should Handover via Service based Handover. If SBHO is enabled Directed Retry to GSM is
considered
IE is missing Directed Retry to GSM. If load criterion is not fulfilled normal IRAT is triggered
The urgency criteria may be due to large timing advance, bad downlink quality or bad uplink quality. The load criterion is Percentage of idle TCH in the serving cell <= ISHOLEV
ISHOLEV is a traffic load threshold of the serving GSM cell that needs to be exceeded in order to evaluate WCDMA measurements for handovers. ISHOLEV =99 (max. value), WCDMA will be always prioritized. With different values of ISHOLEV handovers to WCDMA will be triggered only in case of high traffic in the serving GSM cell. Traffic load in the serving cell is checked periodically according to the parameter COEXUMTSTINT.
TALLOC is used to prevent sending a new candidate list immediately with the same WCDMA cell in case of inter system handover failure.
Contents
Mobile Network Architecture IRAT Strategies Features related to IRAT Idle mode and common channels IRAT Deployment and tuning in idle mode Connected mode IRAT Deployment and tuning in connected mode
WCDMA hoType=NONE WCDMA border cell with underlying GSM hoType=GSM_PREFERED Stand alone GSM
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BSS
Sub Network
BSS
Sub Network
Relation
UTRAN Cell
UTRAN Cell
For consistency checks either OSS feature IRATHOM (IRAT Handover Manager) can be used, or some inhouse developed tool. IRATHOM is used to synchronies the data between a GSM Radio Access Network and UMTS Radio Access Network (UTRAN) to support Inter-Radio Access Technology Handover.
Event 2d Ec/No
Event 2d RSCP
[dB]
[dB]
-13
-105 -13 -105 -11
Event 2d Ec/No DRNC [dB] Event 2d RSCP DRNC [dB] Event 2f Ec/No Event 2f RSCP [dB]
If the value of ISHOLEV is high, there is a possibility that slightly increased value of MRSL can easily switch off G2W handovers completely. In that case the performance indicator Time in WCDMA must be monitored carefully.
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To avoid ping pong cell change sufficient difference in CPICH Ec/No thresholds in GSM and WCDMA should be ensured, and that is done by adjusting parameters in either/ both of the systems. In GSM PS connections are in packet transfer mode and so steered by the idle mode parameters, but it is preferred to tune the WCDMA parameters serviceOffset2dEcno and serviceOffset2dRscp which only impact selected UeRcs instead of tuning FDDQMIN in GSM which would also impact the idle mode.
Recommended setting: hsToDchTrigger.poorQualityDetected=OFF By deciding to have hsToDchTrigger.poorQualityDetected=ON the number of dropped connections for users leaving HSDPA coverage might be reduced. and event 2d thresholds on HSDPA cells have to be tuned and lowered for cells having IRAT HO/CC inactive (hoType=NONE), to prevent poor user throughput due to unnecessary HS to DCH switches.
Strategy GSM used to extend WCDMA coverage and off-load GSM system at certain traffic load
threshold: Set QSC = 7 (always) or QSC = 8 (above -78dBm) for UTRAN cell co-sited with GSM cell. Set ISHOLEV = traffic load at which the WCDMA handover shall start
QSCI = 1 (always) MRSL = 30 (-9dB) if Ec/No is the main trigger for WCDMA compressed mode
MRSL = 36 (-6dB) if RSCP is the main trigger for WCDMA compressed mode
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Thank You!