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SAFETY OF PUBLIC
Road Crossing Tree Touching Ground Clearance Building Clearance Consumer Installations
Unauthorized Connections.
Easy Access Of Public To Utilitys Installations.
SAFETY OF EMPLOYEES
At The Time Of Construction At The Time Of Operation At The Time Of Attending Breakdown At The Time Of Routine Maintenance
Causes of Accidents
Direct causes. Unsafe Act: Violation from the commonly accepted safe procedures of the work is called Unsafe Act. Examples Operating without authority. Failure to ensure safety. Bypassing safety devices. Use of unsafe tools/tackles. Unsafe loading and placing. Taking unsafe procedures. Working on moving machinery/equipment.
Continued Unsafe condition: The conditions with potential of causing injury to a person or damage to equipment are called Unsafe Conditions. Examples Unguarded machines. Defective machine. Unsafe design/construction. Improper illumination. Poor house-keeping. Lack of proper tools. Slippery floor.
a) Lack of knowledge and skill:Incorrect knowledge Incomplete knowledge. Unskilled/low degree of skill. Misunderstanding job instructions.
b) Improper Physiological/Anatomica l characteristics. This relates to persons of:Poor eye-sight. Hard of hearing. Over-age. Illness Allergic. Intoxication Improper Psychological Characteristics.
c) Persons who are: Arrogant. Lazy. Fearful. Nervous. Egoistical. Absent-minded. Over-confident.
Cost of Accidents
All injury cases, weather minor or major, result in financial loss to the organization. In addition to irreparable loss for the family members in case of fatal accident. Direct CostCost of medical treatment, Compensation for loss of earning capacity/ permanent disability/fatality Indirect CostProduction loss, Transportation charges, Time loss by co-workers, Idle time of machine. Damage to equipment, Loss of morale of workers in unit, Loss of time supervisory personnel in submitting report/accident analysis, Loss of efficiency of injured persons after reporting for duty, Administrative expenses, Legal/Court expenditure, Company/s reputation at stake. Cost of training the substitute employee, Investigation by statuary authorities, Business interruption/failure to meet schedule, Penalties imposed by statuary authorities Total Cost of Accidents = Direct Cost + Indirect Cost Indirect Cost usually varies from 5 to 11 times that of direct cost
Continued Unauthorized persons shall not attempt replacement of transformer fuses Other than utility employees shall not try to replace street lights or set right service wires Inform nearest utility office if loose or hanging wires are noticed While drilling bore wells ensure that the casing pipes do not touch live wires while they are being lifted up. Do not go near the Distribution transformers Do not touch low lying or snapped conductor Do not lean against electric poles Do not stand beneath overhead lines while heavy winds are blowing
Always wear safety glasses and a hard hat when working on live circuits.
Use electrically insulated tools. Use electrically insulated gloves. Test dates for integrity of equipment and protective clothing - independent safety lab. Wear required personal protective clothing (i.e., long sleeve shirt and long pants)flame resistant materials for clothing (different weights for protection dependent on fault levels and clearing times)
Use ladders with nonconductive side rails if there is any possibility the ladder could contact exposed energized parts.
Follow lock-out tag-out procedures. Inspect all extension chords for wear and tear. Never drape electrical chords over heat sources. Never store flammable liquids near electrical equipment, even temporarily. Be aware of special training requirements. Motors with thermal protection can restart without warning, always lockout the motor before working on it. Only qualified personnel should perform maintenance, inspection and repairs on any electrical equipment.
TOTAL
37
Wrap-Up
Need for Electrical Safety is universal ES awareness is increasing Partnership between regulators, employers, manufacturers- growing Many injuries are prevented Learning from experience- very essential Innovative ES devices are being used by people Much More to be done in the field of ES in India!!