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Manufacture of sterile medicines Advanced workshop for SFDA GMP inspectors, Nanjing, November 2009
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Raw Materials
Equipment
Environment
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How does the manufacturing environment affect quality, contamination and cross-contamination ? How do we arrive at an optimal environment ?
Cleanroom concept
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Design Considerations
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Systems
To support pharmaceutical production activities, state-of-the-art factories include systems, which have to be conceived according to GEP and cGMP. Some of these systems have a direct impact on product quality, some an indirect impact. Systems with direct impact must be identified and documented in a more exhaustive way, and evaluated in relation to critical GMP parameters. QA, Production and Engineering must agree beforehand on the scope of qualification activities, ideally right at project start.
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Some Definitions
Direct impact system
System which could have a direct impact on product quality These systems are generally to be documented more in-depth (qualification). Normally contain critical components. These systems normally depend on other systems, with indirect impact. Interface important !
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Some Definitions
Indirect impact system
A system which does not have a direct impact on product quality ! Can affect the performance of direct impact systems and thus indirectly affects product quality. Needs less detailed documentation (no qualification). Must be constructed, tested and commissioned according to GEP. By definition, do not contain critical components.
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More Definitions
Critical GMP parameter
A GMP criteria, influencing product quality (differential pressure, airflow pattern, etc.).
Critical component
A component which maintains a GMP critical within predetermined limits (filter HEPA, dehumidifier, etc.).
Critical instrument
Instrument measuring a critical GMP parameter.
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Examples Of Systems
GMP Direct Impact
Purified water WFI HVAC to clean rooms Compressed air and gasses for production CIP/SIP Environmental monitoring Etc.
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Examples
AHU system (direct)
AHU
Critical component (direct)
HEPA
Chilled water system (indirect)
Aseptic area
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Extent Of Qualification
US GMP
Japan GMP
EU GMP
ICH Q9
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Qualification Success
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Definition Of Conditions
As built
air
At rest
air
In operation
air
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To Start With
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As a consequence, it is necessary to identify sub-systems which also could have a direct impact. Within these sub-systems, critical components and instruments have to be identified as well.
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HVAC Qualification
For example, for a typical HVAC system in an aseptic area, critical components would be: Terminal HEPA filters. Unidirectional airflow units.
The monitoring of the critical GMP parameters indicates whether the system operates within the pre-established criteria.
A breakdown in a fan would for instance have as consequence a drop in differential pressures, as well as changes in temperature and humidity. The monitoring system in itself is thus critical as well.
Manufacture of sterile medicines Advanced workshop for SFDA GMP inspectors,
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HVAC Qualification
IQ Tests Installation (Static verifications) Installation of components OQ Tests Installation (Dynamic verifications) Individual tests components (fans, coils, etc.) Functional tests sub-systems Verification control system
These tests confirm that the installation is working as a whole and must be done before the room qualification
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Process range
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Optional
2 N/A
Optional
2 2
2
Optional N/A
2
Optional 2, 3
1 := As built (ideally used to perform IQ); 2:= At rest (ideally used to perform OQ); 3:= Operational (ideally used to perform PQ)
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Summary
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Monitoring
Monitoring in critical areas ( Room Class B and LF area = class A )
Particles Measurement Microbial Monitoring Environmental control: tC, r.H., p
LF
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Monitoring
Monitoring in non-critical areas (C, D and other classes)
Environmental control: tC, r.H., p
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Balinometers
Air changes measurement
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Particle Counters
Probe Measuring device Computer, printer
Transfer of particles
Transfer of data
Manifold system
INTEGRATED SYSTEM
Manufacture of sterile medicines Advanced workshop for SFDA GMP inspectors,
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REMOTE SENSORS
Lighthouse Climet
Met One
PMS
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The particle counter is taken from one sampling point to another, according to a fixed sampling plan (SOP) Only one sampler is needed to monitor sequentially the sampling points.
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The particle counter is installed in a fixed position and is permanently connected to its sampling probe. The sampling is continuous, without interrruptions. Every sampling point needs ist own sampling probe/counter Automatic data transfer Low personnel requirements.
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Stationary Or Mobile ?
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Particle Counters
Climet
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Nanjing, November 2009
PMS
Lighthouse
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Particle Counters
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Particle Monitoring
REMOTE Transfer of particles
Short extensions from the sample point to the sensor are generally acceptable, assuming that the tubing has a minimum of turns or curves and that the curves have a generous radius. Due to the statistically low number of particles within a sample under "Class 100" conditions, it is best to limit the use of tubing, which causes some entrapment or fragmentation of particles. If the tubing must be longer than 10 feet. then the loss factor for that given tubing must be determined and a correction factor must be used to adjust the counts obtained during filling procedures. In general, the use of manifolds for sampling in clean areas Is strongly discouraged by EU/ FDA.
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Pos. 1
Pos. 2
Pos. 4
Pos. 5
Pos. 6
BUS-Controller
PC-System mit SCADA Applikation
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Pos. 3
Pos. 7
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Anemometers
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Airflow Visualisation
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4.2.4 Where the installation is equipped with instrumentation for continuous or frequent monitoring of the airborne particle concentration, and air pressure difference, where applicable, the maximum time interval as stated in Table 1 may be extended, provided that the results of continuous or frequent monitoring remain within the specified limit(s). 4.2.5 In those installations that require additional tests, and where the installation is equipped with instrumentation for continuous or frequent monitoring of the test parameter applicable, the maximum time interval(s) as stated in Table 2 may be extended, provided that the results of continuous or frequent monitoring remain within the specified limit(s).
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Questions, please. ?
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