RESISTANCE EXERCISE II

Collected By Dr. Michael Banoub Sorour

TYPES OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE

Manual Resistance Exercise Mechanical Resistance Exercise Isometric Exercise (Static Exercise) Dynamic Exercise

Isometric Exercise: Indications

To prevent or minimize muscle atrophy when joint movement is not possible. To begin to re-establish neuromuscular control after soft tissue injury or surgery.

 To develop postural or joint stability. To improve muscle strength when use of dynamic resistance exercise cause joint pain. To develop static muscle strength at particular points in the ROM with specific task-related needs.

Dynamic Exercise

Concentric and Eccentric

Constant and Variable Resistance

Isokinetic Exercise
Isokinetic exercise is a form of dynamic exercise in which the velocity of muscle shortening or lengthening and the angular limb velocity is predetermined and held constant by a rate-limiting device known as an isokinetic dynamometer. The term isokinetic refers to movement that occurs at an equal (constant) velocity.

Open-Chain and Closed-Chain Exercise

Open kinetic chain applies to completely unrestricted movement in space of a peripheral segment of the body. "Closed kinetic chain" if the terminal segment remains fixed, the force moves the proximal segments over the stationary distal segments.

PRECAUTIONS EXERCISE

FOR

RESISTANCE

Temperature. Pain. Do not initiate resistance training at a maximal level of resistance, particularly with eccentric exercise to minimize delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Avoid use of heavy resistance during exercise for children, older adults, and patients with osteoporosis.

 Do not apply resistance across an unstable joint or distal to a fracture site that is not completely healed.
Prevent incorrect or substitute motions by adequate stabilization and an appropriate level of resistance.

Avoid exercises that place excessive secondary stress on the back.

 Be aware of medications a patient is using that can alter responses to exercise. Discontinue exercises if the patient experiences pain, dizziness, or unusual shortness of breath.

Advantages Manual Resistance Exercise:

Most effective during the early stages of rehabilitation when muscles are weak (4/5 or less). Effective form of exercise for transition from assisted to mechanically resisted movements. Resistance is adjusted throughout the ROM as the therapist responds to the patients efforts.

 Muscle works maximally at all portions of the ROM. (Why)

Useful for dynamic or static strengthening.

Direct manual stabilization substitute motions.

prevents

 Can be performed in a variety of patient positions. Placement of resistance is easily adjusted.

Gives the therapist an opportunity for direct interaction with the patient to monitor the patients performance.

Disadvantages Manual Resistance Exercise:

Exercise load is subjective. ( Is it work for PRE?) Amount of resistance is limited. (So it is not enough.) Speed of movement is slow to moderate. (functional activities.) Not useful in home program unless caregiver assistance is available. Labor- and time-intensive for the therapist.

-Passive ROM (PROM) is movement of a segment within the unrestricted ROM that is produced entirely by an active force ( )

Relative Strength

The amount of weight lifted relative to the person's body weight Measured as a ratio: Relative Strength = weight lifted (lb.) body weight (lb.)

Sample Calculation

Question: Whos stronger:

A: 250 pound person who can lift 200 pounds B: 150 pound person who can lift 175 pounds

Answer: B

A: relative strength = 200/250 = .80 B: relative strength = 175/150 = 1.17