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PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: The information contained in this presentation is the property of Emerson Network Power and is subject to change without notice. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Emerson Network Power, the holder of this presentation shall keep all information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to all third parties.
Agenda
Why is Battery Monitoring Needed? Why Use the Resistance Measurement Method?
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Why Monitor?
LEADING CAUSES OF LOAD LOSS
Pre-Mature End of Discharge Defective Battery REPO/EPO User error Other External 4% 4% 18% Utility/Generator Logic Board
37%!
26% 19%
Battery Related
4%
UPS components 4% 6%
7%
8%
Battery related failures account for more than a third of all UPS System failures
Source: Liebert Global Service failure tracking
Battery Technology
Flooded Cell (unsealed, vented, wet cells) Lead acid batteries vent hydrogen gas and contain electrolyte in liquid form. Typically located in separate rooms from the equipment they support.
(-) Post
(+) Post
(+) Strap (-) Strap
Dry-out
Pre-mature Failures Battery users influence?
Excessive discharges Excessive charge current Over Torque battery terminals Unknown factors
Manufacturing defects
Fully Charged
During Discharge
Aged Plate
New Grid
Aged Grid
VRLA Dry-out
VRLA Battery Charging
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New Grid
Aged Grid
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It has been shown that when a cells resistance increase 25% above baseline, that cell is less than 80% capacity.
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Metallic Resistance
Equivalent Capacitor
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Abnormal AC Testing
AC testing is an abnormal battery condition. When AC load is applied, most of the current will pass through the capacitor. Test frequency and size of capacitor will define the amount of current passing through the capacitor instead of plates.
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Mechanical Analogy
Normal Operation Aged Condition
AC Testing
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200V
200
generating a current flow through the battery and measure the resulting voltage drop over the resistance/impedance
Alber use 30A DC test current
6000V
30 Amps
200
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A Low AC test signal will disappear in UPS AC noise, Trending data typically changes when noise levels change due to load and/or failing capacitors. The Alber DC test method is not affected by ripple
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Developed and based on: Experience and knowledge about how batteries fail
Battery Cell Resistance Comparing cell capacity with resistance Accounting for the three most important battery testing obstacles The capacitor effect Resolution requirements The noise problem
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Internal resistance
Replace bad cells before they affect other cells Maintain a balanced resistance level in all redundant strings
Temperature
Temperature has a direct influence on battery life Uneven temperature over the string cause cells to float differently
Voltage
Float voltage should be adjusted to ambient temperature
Float current
Excessive ripple affects the battery life
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Can be monitored
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Safety
Cell explosions and fires occur due to failing cells or inter-cell connections during a high current discharge.
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Agenda
Why is Battery Monitoring Needed? Why Use the Resistance Measurement Method?
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BDS-40
CRT-400
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Ambient & Electrolytic Patented internal resistance test of all cells / jars Inter-cells (straps) and Inter-tiers (cables)
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cells, 4v, 6v, 8v and 12v modules Interfaces to External Load banks for performing capacity or acceptance testing
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Controller
ELM
External Load Module
ELM
External Load Module
Battery String 2+
Battery String 1
DCM
DCM
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Installation Examples
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Plus
Collection Module and Load Module One per system can power up to 5 Plus units
2 temperatures, 1 current transducer / string Customized harness for easy install for easy
Base
installation
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<= UPS #1
Plus #2 B- Cab Plus #3 Plus #4 Plus #5
B- Cab
#1
#2
UPS #2 =>
B- Cab #3
#4
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MPM-100
Designed for
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Scheduling Contractors Tracking Material Delivery Incorrect Configurations Accessories, Cable Harnesses
Applications
Minimum System Configuration North American Market Include in New Cabinet Designs
Based on BDS-40
Cell & overall voltages Current -Temp Cell & Inter-tier Resistance
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Alarm Notification
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Data Reports
Automatic Reports Data analysis with explanations
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Bluetooth compatible Audible test status Data transfer USB flash drive for data transfer Wide selection of measuring test leads and probes Detailed trending analysis and reporting software
Alber Advantages
Repeatable readings Patented DC Resistance Method
Understands Battery Technology Test result shows actual battery condition Accounts for Capacitor Effect, Test Resolution and AC Noise
Tests the complete conduction path
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1995
2007
1974
Developed first Portable Digital Micro-ohm meter
1979
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affects battery life, allowing for corrective actions and maximal useful life.
Thank You
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