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Wall and Ceiling Framing

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Wall Picture

Wall and Ceiling Parts

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Studs-Vertical members that run the entire wall height. They support the load above. King Stud- Vertical members that run the entire wall height. They are located next to window and door openings. Cripple Stud- Vertical member that fills below the rough sill and above the header Trimmer Stud- Vertical member that supports the header Joist-Horizontal member that runs from wall to wall.

Wall and Ceiling Parts

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Rough Sill- Horizontal member that forms the rough opening for a window. Header-Horizontal member that supports the span of an opening above doors and windows. Sole Plate- Horizontal member located at the bottom of the wall section. Top Plate-Horizontal member located at the top of a wall section. Always doubled up. Let In Brace- Cross brace that helps support the wall in sheer motion.

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Wall Picture

Stud Layout

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Complicated Stud Layout

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Blocking/Spacing

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Method used to get desired size. < Blocking is a term used in creating a corner section. Used to give a nailing surface for drywall > Spacing is a term used in creating headers at desired width.

Blocking vs No Blocking
Blocking

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Non-Blocking

Ceiling Construction

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Very similar to floor construction Sometimes a truss systems is used in place of ceiling joists. Joists are placed on top of the top sill. They run either to another top sill or a load bearing wall. The ends of the joists are tapered so they dont stick out from the rafters. Reference page 225 for a picture.

Wall and Ceiling Material

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Wood-Most common around here. It is easy to nail and screw too. It is used where readily available. Metal- Becoming more popular in heavily populated areas. Used in place of the traditional wood material. Some houses are completely framed by metal.

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http://www.berridgespaceframe.com

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http://www.berridgespaceframe.com/Residential-brick.htm

Wood vs Steel

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From http://www.berridgespaceframe.com/SteelvsWood.htm COST EFFECTIVE: Steel framing is competitively priced in today's construction market. Compared to the price of wood, steel prices have remained very stable over the past decade. Thanks to computer-aided design and manufacturing techniques, waste is kept to a minimum. STRENGTH & DURABILITY: Light gauge steel framing has a long lifespan -- it will not rot or deteriorate. Steel's high yield strength and fire-resistant qualities enable steel framed structures to resist fire, earthquakes and high wind loads far better than wood framed structures. HIGH STRUCTURAL EFFICIENCY: Steel has one of the highest weight to strength ratios of all construction materials. This strength advantage means better design flexibility, wider spans and better material usage.

Wood vs Steel

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From http://www.berridgespaceframe.com/SteelvsWood.htm DIMENSIONALLY STABLE: Steel doesn't shrink, swell, warp or settle. Cracking sheetrock walls, nailhead popping and other common problems with wood framed structures are virtually eliminated. STEEL IS A "GREEN" STRUCTURE -- ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY: Steel-framed housing dramatically reduces the amount of trees consumed for residential construction, thus conserving one of nature's most precious resources. The only wood products used for light gauge steel construction are plyood sheathing and door and window trim components. PRE-DESIGNED TO ELIMINATE WASTE: Steel-framed structures are computer-designed, drafted and manufactured to eliminate job site cutting and waste and to speed pre-fabrication of roof and wall assemblies and thus reduce labor expense.

Sites To Look At
Home time- Great for wood construction Berridge Space Frame- Great for metal construction
http://www.berridgespaceframe.com

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http://www.hometime.com/Howto/projects/framing/frame_3.htm