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Adding Vectors

Along a Straight
Line
ScaleDiagram Method
Math Method

Combined Method
Vector Diagrams

 When you add vector quantities, consider


both the size and the direction of each
quantity.

 Sometimes, a trip has multiple steps in it.


By adding vectors together we can figure
out the total displacement for a trip.
Rules
 Join each vector by connecting the
“head” of one vector to the “tail” of the
next vector.
 Find the resultant displacement (ΔdR) by
drawing an arrow from the tail of the first
vector to the head of the last vector.
 The resultant vector is a single vector that
has the same effect as all the individual
vectors combined
Example #1

a) 2 vectors

b) Join the vectors

c) Resultant
displacement

d) Measure
Example # 2:
Ms. Daniels walks 25m [S] down the hall and
then 15m [N] up the hall. What is her
resultant displacement?
Δ d1 = 25m [S] ∆d = 10m[S]
R

∆d1 = 25m[S]
Δ d2 = 15m [N]
∆d2 = 15m[N]
Δ dR = ?
Let 1 cm = 5 m
The resultant displacement is 10 m [S]
Summary of Scale Diagram
Method
1. List the given vectors with their
directions (N,E,S,W) and the vector to
be solved
 State the scale
 Draw one given vector to scale
 Draw the additional vectors to scale
 join the “tail” of the vector to the
“head” of the previous one (if they are
pointing in same direction)
1. If the vectors are pointing in the opposite
direction then draw them separate in
opposite direction.

 Draw and label the resultant vector


 Measure the resultant vector and convert
the length using the scale
 Write a final statement
Scale Diagram Method
Sample Problem 1

 Anna takes her dog Zak for a walk. They


walk 250m [W] and then back 215m [E]
before stopping to talk to a neighbour.

 Draw a vector diagram to find their


resulting displacement
SAMPLE PROBLEM #2
 A deer in the jungle walks 1.5 km West to
drink water in the pond, however a tiger
attacks him. The deer runs 4.8 km East to
save himself.
 Calculate his total displacement using the
Scale Method.
Sample Problem 2
TRY NOW!!
Understanding Concepts
Page 423 – Q# 3
Solve this problem using the Scale diagram
method.
A student leaves her house and travels

350m [W] to the mall, then 150m [W] to the


grocery store, and finally 250m [E] to a
friend’s house. What is the student’s
resultant displacement?
Check answer
Math (ALGEBRAIC) Method
 One direction must be positive (+) and the
other direction must be negative (-)
 Choose which direction is positive and
write it down
 Remember to change the sign back to a
direction in the final statement
 ***NOTE*** This method ONLY works when
the vectors are in the same plane (or line).
Example: East and West, or North and
South, but NOT East and South!
Vector Addition
Sample Problem 3

 Anna takes her dog Zak for a walk. They


walk 250m [W] and then back 215m [E]
before stopping to talk to a neighbour.

 What is the resultant displacement at this


position?
Summary of Math Method
1. Indicate which direction is positive and
which direction is negative
2. List the given vectors and the vector that
is being solved
3. Write the equation for adding the vectors
4. Substitute numbers into the equation
and solve
5. Write a final statement indicating size
and direction
TRY NOW!!
 Understanding Concepts
Page 423 - Q# 5 check answer
Solve this problem using the math method.
 While walking around in the mall, a
student travels 60m [N], then 25m [N]
and then 95m [S]. What is the student’s
resultant displacement?
 Check answer
Combined Method
1. State which direction is positive and which
is negative.
2. Sketch a labeled vector diagram - not to
scale, but using relative sizes.
3. Write the equation for adding the vectors.
4. Substitute numbers (with correct signs)
into the equation, and solve.
5. Write a statement with your answer
(including size and direction).
TRY NOW!!

 Read p. 420-423 Do q 6,7 p. 423


 Check answers
Adding Two-Dimensional Vectors
Using Scale Diagrams
n Select a scale that is suitable, the larger the
more precise. Identify compass directions.
n Calculate the length, to scale, of all vectors
n Precisely draw the first vector using a ruler &
protractor to obtain the length & direction.
n Draw the second vector with its tail at the
head of the first.
n Continue adding vectors until all the vectors
have been added.
Adding Two Dimensional Vectors Using
Scale Diagrams
n Draw a resultant displacement vector from the
tail of the first vector (initial position) to the
head of the last (final position).
n Using your protractor find its angle from a
compass direction, and your ruler to measure
its length.
n Using your scale, convert the measured
length to the actual resultant displacement.
n State the resultant displacement, including
size (w. units) and direction.
The Pythagorean
Theorem is used In
order to calculate the
resultant
displacement
Homework

Read p. 428 - 429 Do Q# 1-5 p. 428-429


Complete the worksheet.

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