CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Structurally connective tissue is formed by 3 classes of component : Cells Fibers Ground substance unlike the other tissues (epithelium,muscle & nerve ) The mayor contains connective tissue is the extra cellular matrix

CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Connective tissue is contains : 1. Component 2. Cell 3. Fibers 4. Localisation of fibers 5. Strainning 6. Conclusion

CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Extracellular matrix consists of different combinations of protein fibers (collagen, Reticulair and elastic) and ground substance ( highly hydrophilic viscous complex of ionic micro molekules ex ; glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans & Multiadhesive glycopin of all types of Protein (laminin,fibronetin, and other).

CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Predominantly composed of collagen, constite tendon, aponeurosis, capsules, of organs and membranes that envelop the central nervous system connective tissue originate from the mesenchymes, and embryonic tissue formed by elongated cells,the mesenchymal cells. nucleus oval, fine chromatins.

CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Cells of the connective tissue such as ; Fibroblasts Macrophages Mast Cells Plasma Cells Adipose Cells Leucocytes

FIBROBLASTS
Synthesize :collagen, elastin, glycosamino glicans, proteoglycans, & multi adhesive glycoproteins. Fibrolast or fibrocyte is smaller than the Actice fibroblast and tend to be spindle shaPed.

FIBROBLASTS

MACROPHAGES
Elec. Mic : irregular surface Bone marrow precursor cell that devide. Producing monocyte Long living cells (may survive for month) Special names ; Kupffer (liver), microglial (central nervous), langerhans (skin) osteo blast (bone).

MAST CELLS

Oval to round connective tissue 10 30 um Basophilic secretory granules Granules Methachromatic because the high content of acidic radicals in the glycosaminoglycans. Release leucotriens (C4,D4,E4) ; slow re acting substances of anaphylaxis (SRSA). Similar to basophilic leucocytes. Containg spesific receptor Ig E

MAST CELLS

PLASMA CELLS

PLASMA CELLS

Large ovoid Basophilic cytoplasma due to their richness in rough RE. Nucleus is spherical Life is short (10-20 days)

ADIPOSE CELLS

Specealized for storage neutral fats. Fat cells

ADIPOSE CELLS

FIBERS

3 TYPES FIBERS ARE COLLAGEN, RETICULAR & ELASTIC COLLAGEN & RETICULAR FORMED BY PROTEIN COLLAGEN, ELASTIC FIBERS COMPOSED MAINLY OF THE ELASTIN. COLLAGEN PRESENTSKIN,BONE, CARTILAGE,SMOOTH MUSCLE,& BASAL LAMINE. COLLAGEN FROM LONG FIBRILS (TYPE I MOST ABUNDANT : BONE,DENTIN, TENDON,ORGAN CAPSULES &DERMIS)

FIBERS
FIBRIL ASSOCIATED COLLGENS Short structure that bind collagen fibrils & to other components ME (collagens type IX,XII,XIV) Network forming collagen type IV Anchoring collagen type VII

FIBERS
COLLAGEN THAT FORMS FIBRIL : 1. Type I (skin,tendon,bone,dentin) 2. Type II (cartilage,vitreus body 3. Type III (Skin,muscle,blood vessel) 4. Type V (Fetal tissues,skin bone placenta,most intertitial tissue 5. Type XI (Cartilage) 1. Collagens type VII (epithelial)

FIBERS
FIBRIL ASSOCIATED COLLGENS 1. Collagen type IX (cartilage,vitrues body) 2. Type XII (embryonic tendon & skin) 3. Type XIV (Fetal skin & tendon)

FIBERS
COLLAGENS THAT FORMS ANCHORING FIBRILS : 1. Collagens type VII (epithelial) COLLAGEN THAT FORMS NETWORK Collagen type IV (Basement membrane) CLINICAL DISORDERS : Ehler Danlos, Scurvy, Osteogenesis Imperpecta

RETICULAR FIBERS
- Collagen type III (diameter 0,5-2,0 um) - Stained black impregnation with silver salt. - PAS (+) - Smooth muscle, endoneurium,& hemopoetik organs (spleen,endocrine gland, liver,uterus,intestinal muscle layers).

RETICULAR FIBERS

ELASTIC FIBERS
Second stage : development anirregular Deposition of the protein of the protein Elastin appears between oxytalan, microfibrils,forming the elaunin fibers. Third stage : goth a radually AccumuLattes until it occupies the center of the Fibers bundles.

ELASTIC FIBERS
3 types fibers : 1. Oxytalan 2. Elaunin 3. Elastic Develop 3 successive stage : First stage : oxytalan consists of a bundle of 10 nm microfibril composed of various Glycoprotein called fibrillin.Defective fibrilin Result in the formation of fragmented elastic fibers.Can Be found in the zonula fibers of the eye.

ELASTIC FIBERS
Amino acid composition : elastin resemble that collagen (rich glysine & prolin). Elastin containt : amino acid, desmisine & isodesmisine.

GROUND SUBSTANCE
3 TYPES : GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS, PROTEOGLYCANS, GLYCOPROTEIN GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS ALSO CALLED : ACID MUCOPOLYSACARIDES Glycosaminoglycans composed : dermatan sulfat, chondroitin sulfate,keratin sulfate, heparin sulfate.

GROUND SUBSTANCE
Fibronectin is glycoprotein synthesized by Fibroblast and some epithelial cells. Lami nine is large glycoprotein that participates in the adhesion of epithelial cells to the basal lamine, structure rich in laminine

CONCLUSION
1. Structurally connective tissue is formed by 3 classes of component : - Cells - Fibers - Graund Substance

CONCLUSION
2. Cells of the connective tissue are : Fibroblast Macrophages Mast cells Plasma cells Aipose cells Leucocyte

CONCLUSION
5. Localisation of fibers :
* Type I (skin,tendon,bone,dentin) * Type II (cartilage,vitreus body) * Type III (Skin,muscle,blood vessel) * Type IV (basement membrane) * Type V (Fetal tissues,skin bone placenta,most intertitial tissue * 1. Collagens type VII (epithelial)

CONCLUSION
* Collagens type IX (cartilage,vitreusbody).
* Type XII (embryonic tendon & skin) * Type XIV (Fetal skin & tendon)

CONCLUSION
6. Elastic fibers is composed : - Oxytalan - Elaumin - Elastic 7. Reticular fibers consist mainly of collagen type III.