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A source emits a sound of constant frequency. If the apparent frequency of the source is increased which of the following is true?
A. the source is moving toward you and you are stationary B. the source is stationary and you are moving toward it C. either A or B D. neither A nor B
A. the source is moving toward you and you are stationary B. the source is stationary and you are moving toward it C. either A or B D. neither A nor B
Sound Intensity
3U Physics
Intensity
The rate at which energy is transported past a given area of the medium is known as the intensity of the sound wave.
Energy Intensity Area Time
Intensity
And since energy/time = power:
Energy Power Intensity Area Time Area
Intensity
And since energy/time = power:
Energy Power Intensity Area Time Area
i.e., if the distance from the source is doubled (increased by a factor of 2), then the intensity is decreased by a factor of 22, or 4.
Intensity Scale
The most intense sound which the ear can safely detect without suffering any physical damage is more than one billion times more intense.
Intensity Scale
The most intense sound which the ear can safely detect without suffering any physical damage is more than one billion times more intense. Physicists therefore often use a logarithmic scale (based on powers of 10) for intensity:
Intensity Scale
The most intense sound which the ear can safely detect without suffering any physical damage is more than one billion times more intense. Physicists therefore often use a logarithmic scale (based on powers of 10) for intensity: the decibel (dB) scale.
Decibels
The threshold of hearing (110-12 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 0 dB.
Decibels
The threshold of hearing (110-12 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 0 dB. A sound (e.g. the sound of rustling leaves) which is 10 times more intense (110-11 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 10 dB.
Decibels
The threshold of hearing (110-12 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 0 dB. A sound (e.g. the sound of rustling leaves) which is 10 times more intense (110-11 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 10 dB. A sound (e.g. a whisper) which is 1010 or 100 times more intense ( 110-10 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of __ db.
Decibels
The threshold of hearing (110-12 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 0 dB. A sound (e.g. the sound of rustling leaves) which is 10 times more intense (110-11 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 10 dB. A sound (e.g. a whisper) which is 1010 or 100 times more intense ( 110-10 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 20 db.
Decibels
The threshold of hearing (110-12 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 0 dB. A sound (e.g. the sound of rustling leaves) which is 10 times more intense (110-11 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 10 dB. A sound (e.g. a whisper) which is 1010 or 100 times more intense ( 110-10 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 20 db. A sound which is 101010 or 1000 times more intense (110-9 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of __ db.
Decibels
The threshold of hearing (110-12 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 0 dB. A sound (e.g. the sound of rustling leaves) which is 10 times more intense (110-11 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 10 dB. A sound (e.g. a whisper) which is 1010 or 100 times more intense ( 110-10 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 20 db. A sound which is 101010 or 1000 times more intense (110-9 W/m2) is assigned a sound level of 30 db. Etc.
Decibels
If one sound is 10x times more intense than another sound, then it has a sound level which is 10x more decibels than the less intense sound.
Decibels
If one sound is 10x times more intense than another sound, then it has a sound level which is 10x more decibels than the less intense sound.
Example: A mosquito's buzz is often rated with a decibel rating of 40 dB. Normal conversation is often rated at 60 dB. How many times more intense is normal conversation compared to a mosquito's buzz?
Decibels
If one sound is 10x times more intense than another sound, then it has a sound level which is 10x more decibels than the less intense sound.
Example: A mosquito's buzz is often rated with a decibel rating of 40 dB. Normal conversation is often rated at 60 dB. How many times more intense is normal conversation compared to a mosquito's buzz? Answer: 100 times.
Decibels
Another Example: Someone standing 1 m away from a busy street measures the decibel level of the traffic to be 70 dB. What level would they measure if they were standing 10 m away?
Decibels
Another Example: Someone standing 1 m away from a busy street measures the decibel level of the traffic to be 70 dB. What level would they measure if they were standing 10 m away? Answer: 50 dB. (Ten times further away, the effective area over which the sound must travel is increased by 100, thus decreasing the intensity by a factor of 100, or 20 dB.)
Loudness
Note that sound intensity is an objective quantity, but loudness is a subjective response which will vary with, for example, frequency.
Intensity
High intensity sound waves that have large amplitudes will result in large-amplitude vibrations in the ear . . . which can damage the ear, especially the sensitive hair cells of the cochlea.
More Practice
Decibel Lab Activity Homework: Sound Intensity