IGC1 - Element 4 Promoting A Positive (1st Ed) v.1.0

NEBOSH International General Certificate
Copyright RMS Publishing IGC First Edition - IGC1 Element 4 - v.1.0 - Slide 1 860409
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RMS Publishing Limited Victoria House, Lower High Street, Stourbridge DY8 1TA ACT Associates Limited. First Edition September 2007. All rights reserved. No part of this presentation may be stored in a retrieval system, reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the Publishers. This presentation may not be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form other than that in which it is published, without the prior consent of the Publishers. This presentation may not be reproduced in any form without prior consent of the Publishers other than a single copy thumbnail handout for immediate use by the tutor. Whilst every effort is made to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the information contained herein, RMS/ACT can bear no liability for any omission or error.
Issued to: Strabag Single Licence Licence No: 860409

Unit IGC1 Management of International health and safety

Element 4
Promoting a positive health and safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture Learning outcomes

4.1 Describe the concept of health and safety culture and its significance in the management of health and safety in an organisation Identify indicators which could be used to assess the effectiveness of an organisations health and safety culture and recognise factors that could cause a deterioration Identify the factors which influence safety related behaviour at work Identify methods which could be used to improve the health and safety culture of an organisation Outline the internal and external influences on an organisations health and safety standards
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4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Promoting a positive health & safety culture Contents of element

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Concepts of safety culture Factors influencing safety culture Factors influencing safety related behaviour Improving health and safety culture Internal and external influences on health and safety management standards

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Concepts of safety culture
Definition of health and safety culture

The safety culture of an organisation is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies and patterns of behaviour that determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of, an organisations health and safety management
Source: NEBOSH Examiners Report

Concepts of safety culture
Correlation between health and safety culture and health and safety performance
Research has shown that improvements in safety management are influential in achieving a positive safety culture This leads to reduced accident rates, which is seen as a positive step forward, which is a further influence on the safety culture
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Factors influencing safety culture
Tangible outputs or indicators of an organisations or sites health and safety culture

Effective communication Leadership and commitment Equal priority Incident (accident) investigation Consultation
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Specific tangible outputs indicators

Accidents Absenteeism Sickness rates Staff turnover Complaints about working conditions
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Factors promoting a negative health & safety culture

Lack of management commitment Company reorganisations Lack of communication Low workforce morale Increased accidents
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Factors influencing safety related behaviour
Individual, job and organisational factors

Individual factors Job factors Organisational factors
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Individual factors Individual differences: Experiences in the womb Birth trauma Family influences Geographical location Pre-education influences Education - opportunities, quality, support Occupational factors - training and retraining Individual pastimes and interests Own family influences - marriage, children Ageing
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Individual factors Summary of individual differences: Physical Mental Gender Attitude Build Motivation Health Perception Capability Capability
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Individual factors The significance of individual factors: Thorough task analysis Training Monitoring of personal performance Fitness for work and health surveillance Review of health on return to work from sickness absence
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Job factors Identify critical tasks Organisation of working environment Operator decisions Tools and equipment Ergonomics Work patterns Design of procedures Cover for absence Communications
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Organisational factors Commitment from the top Analytical approach to identify harm potential through human failure Procedures for all critical work Effective monitoring Review
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Attitude, aptitude and motivation

Attitude Aptitude Motivation response to a situation good at certain things driving force behind a person actions
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Maslows hierarchy of needs
Source: Maslow
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Perception of risk
Source: Ambiguous Copyright RMS Publishing IGC First Edition - IGC1 Element 4 - v.1.0 - Slide 24 860409
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Perception of risk
The way that a person views a situation
Source: Ambiguous
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Model of perception
Source: ACT
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Errors and violations

Errors Slips Lapses Mistakes Violations Routine violations Situational violations Exceptional violations
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Human failures flow chart
Source: HSG48
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Effects of age and experience

Effects of age on behaviour at work Effects of experience on behaviour at work
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The influence of peers

Summary of human behaviour Human failures Errors: Slips Lapses Mistakes Violations: Routine Situational Exceptional
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The influence of peers

Summary of human behaviour Control measures Individual factors Job factors Organisational factors
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Improving health and safety culture
Securing commitment of management Promoting health and safety standards by leadership and example Use of competent personnel with relevant knowledge, skills and work experience Effective communication within the organisation Training
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Securing commitment of management

Key Performance Indicator (KPI) Management controls - Random examination - Observations - Periodic tours Formal training
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Promoting health and safety standards by leadership and example

Management actions - Send clear signals to staff and others Leadership through example - Correct use of PPE - Observance of rules
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Use of competent personnel with relevant knowledge, skills and work experience
Identify the safety critical tasks Establish suitable controls Task analysis
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Effective communication within the organisation

Merits and limitations of different methods of communication Use and effectiveness of various communication measures Co-operation and consultation with contractors and the workforce
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Merits and limitations of different methods of communication General principles of communication Direct yourself towards and reach the intended recipient Communicate in a form capable of being understood Use open ended questions Use closed questions to confirm Use clear terms Be assertive Keep concise Ensure understanding Check to ensure understanding Budget time for feedback
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Merits and limitations of different methods of communication Verbal communication Noise Complexity Language Sensory impairment Ambiguity Technical terminology Mental impairment Inexperience Long communication chains Inattention
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Merits and limitations of different methods of communication Written communication Introduction and background Main body of the report Recommendations Conclusions
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Use and effectiveness of various communication measures Notice boards Safety propaganda Films, videos, DVDs Poster campaigns Toolbox talks Memos Employee handbooks
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Co-operation and consultation with contractors and the workforce Co-operation Roles and benefits of worker participation, safety committees and employee feedback
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Training
The effect of training on human reliability Specialist training Internal and external courses Formal and informal training
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Training
The effect of training on human reliability Benefits to employee Benefits to employer Morale Reduction in losses Reduction in personal Reduced claims injury Reduced prosecution Better welfare awareness Increased profits Development experience faster Increases flexibility of staff
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Training
Opportunities and need for training provision Induction training for new workers Refresher training Job change / process change Introduction of new legislation Introduction of new technology
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Training
Induction training for new workers Review and discussion of policy Specific requirements Fire and emergency procedures Welfare facilities First aid PPE
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Training
Refresher training Regular refresher training Re-enforce employers desired approach Common period is 3 years Provide to managers and workers
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Training
Job change / process change Introduction of new substances / processes Changes in working procedure Changes in work patterns Review of risk assessments
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Training
Introduction of new legislation Employers have a duty to bring to the attention of workers specific changes in legislation Changes that may affect personal safety include revisions of limits of exposure to noise Where a reduction in occupational exposure limits may cause workers to adopt more stringent exposure controls
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Training
Introduction of new technology Often requires the adoption of new work practices Such training will include developing skills to interpret equipment control layout and data display
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Internal and external influences on health and safety
Internal influences on health and safety

General points Management commitment Production demands Communication Competence Employee representation
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Internal and external influences on health and safety
External influences on health and safety

General points Societal expectations Legislation Enforcement Insurance companies Trade unions Stakeholders Economics
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Element 4
Promoting a positive health and safety culture

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Unit IGC1 Management of International health and safety

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IGC1 - Element 4 Promoting A Positive (1st Ed) v.1.0

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NEBOSH International General Certificate

Issued to: Strabag Single Licence Licence No: 860409

NEBOSH International General Certificate

Unit IGC1 Management of International health and safety

Promoting a positive health and safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture Learning outcomes

Promoting a positive health & safety culture Contents of element

Promoting a positive health & safety culture Contents of element

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Definition of health and safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture Contents of element

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Tangible outputs or indicators of an organisations or sites health and safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Specific tangible outputs indicators

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Factors promoting a negative health & safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture Contents of element

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Individual, job and organisational factors

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Individual, job and organisational factors

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Individual, job and organisational factors

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Individual, job and organisational factors

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Individual, job and organisational factors

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Individual, job and organisational factors

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Attitude, aptitude and motivation

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Maslows hierarchy of needs

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Errors and violations

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Human failures flow chart

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Effects of age and experience

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

The influence of peers

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

The influence of peers

Promoting a positive health & safety culture Contents of element

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Securing commitment of management

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Promoting health and safety standards by leadership and example

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Effective communication within the organisation

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Effective communication within the organisation

Promoting a positive health & safety culture

Effective communication within the organisation

Promoting a positive health & safety culture