Type 1 Diabetes Melitus Induction (streptozocin based)

Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic disease, which occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. This leads to an increased concentration of glucose in the blood (hyperglycaemia)

Diabetes
Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes

Gestational diabetes

Diabetes mellitus Type 1

Type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent or childhood-onset diabetes) is characterized by a lack of insulin production.

ANIMAL MODEL OF DIABETES (STREPTOZOCIN BASED)

Streptozocin (STZ)
C8H15N3O7 Mol. Weight : 265,22 g/mol

Isolated from Streptomyces achromogenes Its diabetogenic properties characterized by selective destruction of pancreatic islet -cells mimic human type 1 diabetes mellitus Several species, including the mouse, rat, rabbit, and monkey, are sensitive to the pancreatic -cell cytotoxic effects of STZ

STZ

Animal

STZ

Inducing Diabetes
Basic Protocol 1 (mice)
multiple administrations of low-dose STZ to produce diabetic mice close resemblance to human T1DM with chronic pancreatic islet inammation, insulitis, and insulin deciency The cost effectiveness related to the small size of the animal

Basic Protocol 2 (rat)

Inducing Diabetes
Basic Protocol 1 (mice) Basic Protocol 2 (rat)
Not used as commonly as the mouse model Using a single, high dose Streptozocin

BASIC PROTOCOL 1

Material
C57BL/6 or CD-1 male mice: 25 g, 8 to 12 weeks old 50 mM sodium citrate buffer, pH 4.5 Streptozotocin 10% (w/v) sucrose 1.5-ml microcentrifuge tubes Aluminum foil 1-ml syringes 25-G needles One Touch Basic blood glucose monitoring system

Animal Preparation

Day 14 Day 6 2-5 consecutive day Repeat treating with STZ

4 day prior
remove food

Day 1 Treat with STZ

Switch sucrose to regular water

Test blood glucose

Streptozocin Treatment Preparation

Prepare 50 mM sodium citrate buffer, place 1ml into 1.5-ml microcentrifuge tube. Cover tube with aluminium foil Dissolve STZ in the 50mM sodium citrate to final conc. 6 mg/ml

Streptozocin Treatment
Inject STZ sol. IP at 40 mg/kg Return mice to their cage. Provide normal food and 10% sucrose water Repeat treatment for next 4 consecutive day On day 6, switch the 10% sucrose with regular water

Diabetic State
On experimental day 14 (9 days after STZ injection) fast mice for 6 hr. test the blood glucose Fasting glucose >150 mg/dl For retest of group failing of the first test, test the blood glucose on day 28 Severe diabetes develop 3 wk after injection