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VLANs
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Topics
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What is a VLAN? VLAN Tagging Subnets VTP IOS VLAN Commands
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What is a VLAN?
A LAN consists of all the hosts in a single broadcast domain. A VLAN is the same. Without VLANs, all ports on a switch belong to the same LAN. With VLANs, a switch can support one broadcast domain per VLAN.
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VLAN Trunking
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VLAN IDs
12-bit number between 1-4094
Lowest and highest VLAN IDs excluded. Normal range: 1-1005 Extended range: 1006-4094
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Native VLAN
802.1Q supports one native VLAN per trunk.
Native VLAN is VLAN 1 by default. Native VLAN packets are not tagged. Helps support switches that do not understand VLAN tagging.
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VTP Modes
Server Mode
Accepts VLAN configuration. Sends and receives VTP udpates.
Client Mode
Receives VTP updates.
Transparent Mode
Ignores VTP updates.
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VTP Updates
Updates are processes only if VLAN configuration database number in update is higher than current configuration number. Each time VLAN configuration is updated, server increments VLAN config number. Good practice t
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VTP Updates
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VTP Requirements
1. Switches must be connected using a VLAN trunk. 2. Switches must share the same casesensitive VTP domain name. 3. If a password is configured, switches must share case-sensitive VTP password.
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VLAN Configuration DB
VLAN configuration database
Not stored in running-config. Stored in vlan.dat file in flash RAM.
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Creating a VLAN
Configure new VLAN
(config)# vlan vlan-id (config-vlan)# name vlan-name
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References
1. James Boney, Cisco IOS in a Nutshell, 2nd edition, OReilly, 2005. 2. Cisco, Cisco Connection Documentation, http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm 3. Cisco, Internetworking Basics, http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintw k/ito_doc/introint.htm 4. Matthew Gast, 802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide, OReilly, 2005. 5. Wendell Odom, CCNA Official Exam Certification Library, 3rd edition, Cisco Press, 2007.
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