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Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Engine Cooling Systems

This presentation will explore: Cooling Systems Cooling System Components Fans Coolant Characteristics

ClassAct SRS enabled.

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

What is (are) the function(s) of a cooling system?

Bring the engine to normal operating temperature as quickly as possible
Best performance Lower emissions

Maintain proper engine operating temperature Provides a means of warming the passenger compartment Next > This slide developed by
G.Giguere Jan. 2007

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

What are the two types of cooling systems commonly used on internal combustion engines?
Liquid cooled Air cooled View CDX Air and Liquid Cooling System video
Next >
This slide developed by G.Giguere Jan. 2007

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Air or Water
Cylinder air cooling fins.

Large surface area transfers heat to surrounding air.

Water jacket to circulate coolant.

Coolant / water and antifreeze mix.

Better control of engine temperature.

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 1
Which of the following is NOT expected to remove heat from a cylinder?

A) Engine block fins B) Transmission oil C) Water and antifreeze mixture D) Surrounding air

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Cooling System

Combustion (flame) temperatures in cylinders up to 4500F (2500C).

Normal coolant temperature 180-210F (80-100C).

Coolant radiates excess heat to the air.
This slide has been modified by Air flow is fan assisted. G.Giguere Jan. 2007

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 2
What is the normal maximum temperature of the coolant in a water cooled system?

A) 80 F B) 100 F C) 210 F D) 4500 F

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Water Pump
Leak (vent) bore

Drive pulley

Main shaft Seal

Bearings Impeller

Water pump housing

This slide has been modified by G.Giguere Jan. 2007

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Water Flow
Conventional coolant flow is upward past the cylinders.
Pipes to passenger compartment heater

Coolant flows out from cylinder head to radiator.

Water pump draws coolant from radiator and forces it back into cylinder block.

Reverse flow cooling is in opposite direction.

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 3
The water pump normally forces the coolant from the cylinder block through the radiator. Is this true or false?

Answer True or False.

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Radiator
Hoses connect radiator to cylinder block and heater.

Thermostat prevents coolant flow to the radiator during warm-up.

Radiator transfers heat to the outside air.

Fan(s) draw air through radiator.

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Thermostat
When cold - thermostat closed. Route to radiator cut off. Bypass allows coolant to circulate around engine. When hot - wax-filled pellet expands and opens thermostat. Coolant allowed to flow to radiator and by-pass port is blocked.
To top hose and radiator

When installing vertically mounted thermostats, be sure the vent is in the upper-most position.
By-pass port Next >

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 4
What position will the thermostat be in just after the engine has been started first thing in the morning?

A) Half open B) Closed C) Open

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Downflow
Tanks are on top and bottom.

Coolant flows down through core tubes.

Core tubes

Coolant flows out of bottom tank back to engine.

Automatic transmission oil coolers are at bottom.

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Crossflow
Tanks are on sides.

Allows lower hood line.

Core tubes run horizontally.

Transmission oil cooler may be positioned in side tank.

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 5
Which of the following would indicate that you were looking at a crossflow radiator?

A) The core tubes are vertical B) The radiator is mounted horizontally C) The transmission oil cooler is at the bottom D) The tanks are on the sides

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Hoses
Flexible hoses carry coolant between radiator, engine block and heater core.

Upper hose from the radiator is connected to the cylinder head.

Hoses carry coolant to passenger compartment heater.

Lower hose from radiator is connected to water pump. Expansion tank keeps system topped up.
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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Types of Hoses
Two types of radiator hoses: Molded (pre-formed), Flexible (universal).

Flexible type can be bent.

Support spring often fitted inside flexible hose.

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 6
A flexible hose can replace a molded hose as long as it is the same length and diameter. Is this true or false?

Answer True or False.

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Radiator Cap
Pressurizes system which raises the boiling point.
(3F per pound of pressure)

Pressure valve opens at specified pressure.

(See cap 12-16 psi)

Excess coolant released to expansion tank.

This slide has been modified by G.Giguere Jan. 2007

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 7
What would be the effect of a weak spring in a radiator cap?

A) Water would boil at a lower temperature B) Water would boil at a higher temperature C) The cap would fall off D) The engine would stop immediately

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Closed Cooling System

When engine is hot, excess coolant flows to expansion tank reservoir.

When engine cools, vacuum valve opens to allow coolant back to radiator top tank.

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Engine-Powered Fan
Main purpose is to generate air flow across radiator core tubes.

Bolts to water pump hub.

May have a spacer. Fluid coupling and thermostatic clutches slip when cooling fan action is unnecessary.
Coolant is below operating temperature and/or at high speeds
This slide has been modified by G.Giguere Jan. 2007

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 8
The principal function of an engine-powered fan is to blow air across the cylinder block. Is this true or false?

Answer True or False.

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Electric Cooling Fan

Temperature sending unit

Uses DC motor and thermostat switch. Low temperature: Low temperature indication.

Thermostat switch open.

High temperature:

High temperature indication. Thermostat switch closed. Current feeds fan motor.
Thermostat switch Next >

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 9
Which of these statements about a thermostatic switch on an auto cooling system is true?

A) It controls the temperature display B) It turns the fan on when it is cold C) It is located at the highest point of the cooling system D) It is connected between the battery and the fan

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Antifreeze
Normal temperature range for water to remain liquid.

Boiling

Increases under pressure.

Advantages of antifreeze: Prevents winter freezing. Resists rust and corrosion. Lubricates water pump.
This slide has been modified by G.Giguere Jan 2007

Freezing

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Types of Antifreeze
Ethylene Glycol Based:
Extended Life (Organic Acid Technology)
Various colors

Dex-Cool (for GM and other specific makes)

Often orange
Both are highly toxic/deadly Sweet smelling and tasting

Propylene Glycol Based:

Environmentally Friendly (Low-Tox)
This slide developed by G.Giguere Jan 2007

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5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Antifreeze/Water Ratios
50/50 mix:
Most commonly recommended by automotive manufacturers Protects from about -34F to + about 265F

70/30 mix:
Protects from about -84F to about +276F

100% Antifreeze will slush at +10F Improper mix may cause an erroneous ECT input signal to PCM Next >
This slide developed by G.Giguere Jan. 2007

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Question 10
What is the effect of adding antifreeze to the cooling system?

A) Raising the freezing point of the water B) Lowers the boiling point of the water C) Lowers the freezing point of the water D) Increases corrosion in the engine block

5. Engine Cooling Systems Automotive Components & Operation

Summary
You should now be aware of: Cooling Systems

Cooling System Components

Fans

Coolant Characteristics

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