REAL NUMBERS

Egyptians

Real Numbers R={- -3,-2,-1,0,,,,1 2,3,2,,3, +} Rational Numbers Irrational Numbers Q={- -3,-2,-1,0,,,,1,2,3+} Q={2,3,, } Integers I={--3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3+} Whole Numbers W={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9+} Natural/Counting Numbers N = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9...+} Negative numbers Leonardo Fibonacci zero(0) - greeks

PROPERTIES OF REAL NUMBER

Reflexive Property: Any number is equal to itself. a=a

5= 5; 3= 3 ;x=x

Symmetric Property: Order does not matter. If a = b ,then b = a

If A = LW ; then LW=A

Transitive Property: If a = b and b = c, then a = c.

If x = 5 and y = 5; then x = y If 2m = n and n = 3p; then 2m = 3p

PROPERTIES OF REAL NUMBER

If the same number is added Addition Property of Equality: to both sides of an equation, the two sides remain equal. If a = b, then a+c = b+c

Multiplication Property of Equality: If a = b, then ac = bc

x 4+ 4= 7 + 4 x=7+4 x = 11
4x = 12 4 4 x=3

1 4x = 12 1 4 4

Substitution: If a + b = c, and c = 5, then a + b = 5

If 5x + y = 14 and y = 2; then 5x + 2 = 14

PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY Closure Property: -If A and B are real numbers, then A + B is a unique real number, and A x B is a unique real number. 3 + 4 = 7 ; 3 x 4 = 12 a+b=R ; axb=R Commutative Property: Any two real numbers can be added/multiplied in any order and still get the same result. a+b=b+a ;axb=bxa 3 + 4 = 4 + 3 ;6 x 3= 3 x 6
Associative

Property: We can group real numbers in a sum/product in any order and still get the same result. (a + b) + c = a + (b + c) ; (a x b) x c = a x (b x c)

(3 + 4) + 5 = 3 + (4 + 5) ; (3 x 4) x 5 = 3 x (4 x 5)

PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY Inverse Property: Any real number plus its additive inverse equals 0. Any real number multiplied by its multiplicative inverse equals 1. 2 A.I.= 2 M.I.= 5 a + (-a) = 0 ; a x 1/a = 1 5 2 3 + (3) = 0 (3 x 1/3 ) = 1 5 5 + 5 = 0 6 x (1/6) = 1
Additive inverse = opposite sign Multiplicative Inverse = reciprocal
Identity

Property:

Any real number added to zero equals the number itself. Any real number multiplied by one equals the number itself.

a+0=a;a x 1=a

3+0=3

3x1=3

I.E.A is zero I.E.M is one

Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition a(b + c) = ab + ac

3(x+2)=3x +6

A. State the property illustrated in each statement.

1.

5=5 2. m + 7 = 7 + m 3. (x + y) + z = x + (y + z) 4. 8 + (8) = 0 5. 3 x 1 = 3 6. 5 + 9 = 14 7. If 5x = 10 and (5x)(1/5) = (10)(1/5), then x = 2 8. If x + 3 = 5 and x + 3 3 = 5 3, then x = 2 9. If y = 4x then 4x = y 10.If a + 4 = 7 and a = 3, then 3 + 4 = 7