MOVIE MANAGEMENT

Group 10

GROUP MEMBERS
Jubin Joy Chithra V Nair Jiji Krishnan Riju Paulose Vidya Vighneswaran Nishant J Stephen

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT PRE- PRODUCTION PRODUCTION POST- PRODUCTION FILM DISTRIBUTION AND MARKETING SPECIAL TECHNIQUES

movie making INTRODUCTION

The process of making a film.

With its own set of elements and principles.

It involves a number of discrete stages. It is produced in a variety of economic, social and political contexts and uses a wide variety of technologies and cinematic techniques.

DEVELOPMENT
Concept
Simply an idea of what the Movie will be about

Dreaming
Concept only Spec Script

 Writing A blueprint Serves as a way to get that film made in the first place Finding a Story

Write what you know

The Right Budget http://www.wordplayer.com http://artfulwriter.com http://www.freefilmschool.org http://www.freefilmschool.org

 Rewriting
o Top-Down Rewriting o 'Spitballing' o Script Editors

Screenplay format o Arranging the story

o Who, what, when, where, why

 Synopsis
o Brief summary on the back of a video box o Describes the main character and what they are up against, as well as the major turning points o Useful way for screenwriters themselves to articulate what the story is basically about.

Logline
o A very short, catchy summary of the story o Serves as a way to communicate what a story or script is about o Written on the cover or even the spine of a screenplay

A young man and woman from different social classes fall in love, must outwit her abusive fianc, and find a way to survive aboard an ill-fated voyage at sea

Titanic
After a wild Vegas Bucks Party, a bunch of guys wakes with no memory of last night, a tiger in the bathroom, and no groom.

The Hangover

 o o o o

Pitching Sharing your idea and the story of the film Hook Use visual language Be precise

Certification o Rating boards of various countries have lists of screen content o CBFC headquartered at Mumbai o Four types of certificates

words and

 Low budget The script must have a distinct three-act structure, or a beginning, middle, and end ie setup, conflict, and resolution Get all the background story, ground laying and introductions done in the first act The film must have a dynamic lead character. Life is not black-and-white; everything is in shades of gray. To create fully realized characters, have an aspect of the good guy that is bad, and have an aspect of the bad guy that is good. Bring the story to a close.

 Elements A well-known cast or crew member Steps for selecting 1. Decide who would be great for your part 2. Contact him/ her personally or through agent Copyright If you've created it then you own it Must obtain copyright regardless of profit

 o o o

Funding plan Strategy for how to get the money Powerful way to leverage additional funding Grants, private investors, hedge funds and other film financing sources

PRE- PRODUCTION

 In preproduction, the movie is designed and planned. The production company is created and a production office established. The production is storyboarded and visualised with the help of illustrators and concept artists. A production budget will also be drawn up to cost the film. The Producer will hire people to fill the following roles: The director is primarily responsible for the acting in the movie and manages the creative elements.

 The assistant director (AD) manages the shooting schedule and logistics of the production among other tasks. The casting director finds actors for the parts in the script. This normally requires an audition by the actor. Lead actors are carefully chosen and are often based on the actor's reputation or "star power. The location manager finds and manages the film locations..

The director of photography (DOP) or cinematographer creates the photography of the film. He or she cooperates with the director, director of audiography (DOA) and AD. The art director manages the art department, which makes production sets, costumes and provides makeup & hair styling services The production designer creates the look and feel of the production sets, costumes, make up and hairstyles, working with the art director to create these elements. The storyboard artist creates visual images to help the director and production designer communicate their ideas to the production team.

The production sound mixer manages the audio experience during the production stage of a film. He or she cooperates with the director, DOP, and AD. The sound designer creates new sounds and enhances the aural feel of the film with the help of Foley artists. The composer creates new music for the film. The choreographer creates and coordinates the movement and dance - typically for musicals. Some films also credit a fight choreographer.

Factors
Acquiring film stock Storyboarding Casting Directors Location Scouting Funding and budgeting contents Scheduling contents

Budgeting and Scheduling Paperwork Call Sheet Scene Breakdown Release Form Legal Crew Contract Cast Contract

PRODUCTION

The key persons:

DIRECTOR

PRODUCTION

PRODUCER

CINEMATOG-RAPHER

FUNCTIONS OF KEY PERSONS

The producer hires a line producer to be in charge of the crew The director controls the performance of the actors The cinematographer is in charge of everything related to creating and capturing the image on film.

TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF PRODUCTION

1. CINEMATOGRAPHY It is the creation of motion picture images The main components of cinematography are, o The camera o The camera crew o Moving the camera o Composing o Filtration o Aspect Ratio

The Camera
There are different types of cameras Low budget cameras (< Rs.27000) Mid budget cameras (Rs.27000- Rs.140000) Higher budget cameras (Rs.140000- Rs.550000) Hollywood budget cameras (> Rs.5500000) The specifications of the cameras change as the budget changes.

The camera crew

The camera crew consists of Cinematographer First assistant cameraman Second assistant cameraman Clapper/ Loader

Moving the camera

Different styles of moving can represent different emotions. Handheld cameras Camera mounted on a trolly Camera mounted on a crane Steadicam Aerial motion which is supported by Suspension cables, Helicopters, Helium balloon and stabilizers

Composition
Arrangement of visual elements within a shot Three basic shot compositions in filmmaking are, long-shot, medium shot and close- up

Filtration
Filtration is used to select the required polarization of light It can enhance the saturation, remove reflections and glare and see through humid air. There are linear and circular polarizers

Aspect Ratio
The aspect ratio of a screen is the width to height ratio Camera and television screens have used many different aspect ratios over years. Aspect ratio is independent of screen size Aspect ratio of a television screen is 4:3

2. AUDIO
There are various devices that are used for recording sound for a movie. While recording and processing sounds, the components under consideration are, Microphones Recording devices Audio formats

3. ACTORS
Casting directors are the people who pick people for the movie They hold auditions Careful directions and motivation are needed for inexperienced actors. In the case of experienced actors, sufficient care must be taken to select the appropriate actor for a role

4.BLOCKING
It is the act of making the actors walk through the scene before it is shot. It is done to make sure that the lightning is sufficient and the camera is able to get the desired focus

5. LIGHTING
This section will consider about the lighting on the scenes, electricity and lighting equipments. Various types of bulbs are also used according to the situation The quality and appearance of light are also considered here.

6. POWER SOURCES
Power source is managed by the electrical department. The common types of power sources used are: - Stage power: 3 phase 110v - House power: Power that is already installed within the location - Tie- ins: a method of tapping directly into the power that feeds a building from the city power-grid - Generator

7. STILLS PHOTOGRAPHY
It involves taking photos of the filmmaking process Digital photography is more often used. Still photos are published in internet.

8. CHARACTER ANIMATION
Storyboarding for an animation movie is much more intense There are some procedures to be followed to create an animation movie which are not present in an ordinary movie making.

DIRECTING AND MANAGING A SET

The procedures included in this part are,

1.DIRECTING CONTENTS

The main parts of this step are, casting directors, Directing actors and elements and storyboarding.
2. SHOOTING STYLES The whole film can be presented as an unedited documentary so that it will be different from other movies. Shaking shots are taken when characters are running Some part of the movie can be shot in black and white also.

3. CLAPPER BOARD AND KEEPING NOTES ON THE SET Clapper board is made up of a slate and a clapper Clapper board help to synchronize the sound and picture. Verbal slate can be used for the audio to synchronize
4. DIRECTING THE ACTORS AND MANAGING THE CREW

POST- PRODUCTION
Occurs in the making of motion pictures, television programs, radio programs, advertising, audio recordings, photography and digital art. A term for all stages of production occurring after the actual end of shooting and/or recording the completed work.

Audio
Music/film scoring: Original music written specifically to accompany a film. Score forms part of the films soundtrack, which also usually includes dialogue and sound track. Sound design: Process of specifying, acquiring, manipulating audio elements. Sound design most commonly involves the manipulation of previously composed audio such as music and sound effects. Foley: Reproduction of sound effects which are added in post productions to enhance the quality of audio for films, television, video and radio. ADR : Replacement of dialogue in post-production of a film or video.

Visual Editing: Process of choosing which picture and sounds will go in to the finished film. Visual effects: Various processes by which imagery is created and manipulated outside the context of a live action shoot. Animation: Process of creating moving images from a series of still images. Colour grading: Process of manipulating each shot in a film in order to achieve a certain look.

 Digital intermediate: Motion picture finishing process which classically involves digitizing a monitor picture and manipulating the color and other image characteristics. Subtitle: Textual versions of the dialogue or commentary in film usually displayed in bottom of the screen. For celluloid Telecine: Process of transferring motion picture film in to video format.

FILM DISTRIBUTION AND MARKETING

Producers with worthy projects , approach distributors with their screenplay and ask them to provide a letter-of-intent-to-distribute to at least a minimum release of their film. Motion picture marketing campaign Schedule of deliverables The distributor may create prints Local language versions Local home entertainment marketing campaign

Film Marketing
What happens to your motion picture once you are finished? How does your movie get into the hands of a distributor? Finding a distributor Self distribution Delivery of the Film to the Distributor Developing the Campaign Marketing the Movie to Exhibitors Marketing the Movie to the Local Audience Marketing the Movie to the Tape Distributors Publicity

Selling Online
Marketing your movie on-line is very much like marketing any product anywhere. It will always be easier and less expensive to market a product that meets the needs of a specific group. Fill a need Identify the target audience Product form, Delivery and Price Manufacture and Delivery Collecting Payments Advertising Wrapping it all up.

Digital Cinema Distribution

Digital Cinema Distribution is all about getting movies from the producers to the viewers using new digital technology instead of old celluloid technology. It involves watching movies projected by digital projectors instead of from 35mm film. Time scale Image and sound quality Business Implications The Internet Technical

Submitting to a broadcaster
When submitting to a broadcaster, you should check with them to ask what format they prefer. Often, the required format is: DigiBeta 4:3 FHA (full height anamorphic) color bars for 1 minute, 30 sec clock, 3 sec black before the first frame of audio or video ensure that your color space is legal for broadcast

Sales and Exhibition/Putting Videos Online

MPEG4-AVC provides the most efficient compression compared to every other codec out there. Encoding H.264 Quick Times from Premiere Pro Problems setting data rate Gamma Problems Encoding WMV9 from Premiere Pro Encoding PAL 16:9 at 1500kbps

SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
CHROMA KEY The process of chroma keying a shot has two sections: shooting and post production. Chroma key compositing, or chroma keying, is a special effect for compositing two images together based on colour hues. Chroma key is generally considered as "green screen" but can be any colour. Green and Blue are chosen because those colours are the furtherest away from skin tone.

BASIC STEPS IN CHROMA KEY First, you need to choose your background colour. Set up your lights Set up your camera set exposure Take a few test shots with actor to confirm exposure Shoot footage

 HUMAN CLONING Human cloning is a special technique used within a film to give the impression that there are two characters possibly communicating with each other. This technique has been used in many films and TV shows and commonly use this technique because it is reasonably easy to accomplish. There are three main techniques to accomplish cloning within a film which are listed from hardest to easiest, these include: Split Screen Body Doubles Editing Tricks

 SLOW MOTION It is an effect in film making whereby time appears to be slow down. Slow motion is generally used in dramatic or action scenes in movies and Nature shows on T.V.

REFERENCES Wikibooks.org

THANK YOU