MOTIVATION

By: Shobhit Kumar

Assistant Professor
LIM, Bareilly.
A PROCESS OF INSPIRING OTHERS FOR

DOING SOMETHING
 Definition of Motivation

 The study of motivation as covering

all those things which are biological,
social and psychological and that
they defeat our laziness and move
us, either eagerly or reluctantly, to
action.
 Motivation is concerned
with three things

 Needs – the most basics human

requirements.
 Drives – tells how these needs translate
into behavior.
 Goals – what these behavior aim to
achieve.
 Types of Needs
Primary Needs
 Also called as Physiological or
biogenic needs include needs for air,
water, food , shelter, clothing etc.
 These needs are called as primary
needs because they are essential for
the survival.
 Types of Need
Secondary Need
 Known as acquired or learned needs.

 These needs are arise from our

socialization.
 These needs are learned and are
dependent on the culture we grow up
in.
 Thus an individual will try to eat the
culturally acceptable food in a
particular country.
 SUCCESS

NEED DRIVE EFFORTS

FAILURE

DEFENSE MECHANISM

--FRUSTRATION
--AGGRESSION
--DEPRESSION
--WITHDRAWL
 Needs and Goals are
Dynamic

 Needs are never completely satisfied or

permanently.
 New needs are emerge as old needs are
satisfied.
 Success and failure influence goal.
 Substitutes goals are formed. ( To get rid
of tension)
 Frustration and Defense
Mechanism
 Frustration is the feeling experience
by an individual when he or she fails
to achieve the goal.
 Individual react differently to
frustration.
 If frustration is adaptive substitute
goal can be there.
 Some individual may take it as a
personal failure and became a victim
of anxiety.
 Types of Frustration
Aggression.
(People exhibit their behavior in an attempt to keep their self-esteem undamaged. Writing letter to consumer
forum)

Regression.
(People exhibit immature or childlike behavior fighting with the shopkeeper
rather than settling the matter)

Withdrawal
(People often resolve frustration by withdrawing the situation.)

Projection
(People redefines a frustrating by blaming other persons)
Identification
(People is frustrated for a specific product and sees advertisement on T.V. and
identify the product according to fulfill his need and reduce his/ her frustration.)
Sublimation
(People behavior in selecting certain specific goal is to fulfill a
multiciplicity of needs)
Maslow’s Theory
of Self
Who is Abraham Maslow?

 an American
psychologist
 proposed the
hierarchy of human
needs
 father of Humanism
in psychology
 The Theory of Self-
Actualization

 Self-actualization is the theory of Abraham

Maslow. He argues that a Hierarchy of
Needs exists, each having to be met before
a person can achieve his or her full
potential.
 Physiological Needs

 Starting from the

bottom, the Body or
Physiological Needs
include the basic
necessities including
food, sleep, warmth,
and stimulation and
activity.
 A man is extremely
hungry but he only
want food and food
may be anything.
 People die due to lack
 Safety Needs

 After the first level

needs are satisfied
then second
arrives.
 Here needs are
concern with much
than physical
safety.
 Security or Safety
Needs include
living in a safe
 Belonging Needs
 Social or Love and
Belongingness
Needs include the
love of family and
friends.
 People seek warm
and satisfying
human
relationships with
other people and
are motivated by
 Esteem Needs
 The Ego or Self Esteem
Needs refers to the need
for self-respect, and need
for a healthy pride in one's
self.
 These needs are of two
types:
Inwardly directed ego
needs reflect an
individual's need for
self acceptance, for self
esteem, for success,
for independence, for
personal satisfaction
with a job well done.
Outwardly directed
ego needs include the
 Self- actualization Needs
 The last necessity is
the Self Actualization
or Fulfillment Needs.
This includes
purposed, personal
growth, and the full
realization of one's
potentials. This is the
point where people
start becoming fully
functional, acting
purely on their own
wish , and having a
healthy personality.
Self-Actualized Personalities

 Abraham Lincoln
 Thomas Jefferson
 Albert Einstein
 Eleanor Roosevelt
 Self-Actualization
 Reality and problem centered
 Enjoyed being by themselves (they did not worry
about fitting in)
 Enjoyed having deeper relationships with a few
people instead of shallow relations with many
people
 Autonomous, relatively free from physical and
social needs
 Creative and original