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Air-Cycle Refrigeration
a. b. An air-cycle refrigeration unit uses air as the refrigerant The air in turn is compressed, cooled in a heat exchanger, and
d.
COPR
Air-cycle Systems
Bootstrap System
The air then enters the secondary compressor, C2, where its pressure is further raised, and the process is shown by the line de.
Bootstrap System
This compressed high pressure air is then cooled in the secondary heat exchanger. The cooling medium is again the rammed air. Process is shown by line ef on TS diagram Further cooling of air takes place due to its expansion in the turbine to the desired cabin pressure. The process is shown by line fg on TS diagram
Ram pressure of the moving airplane forces air through the heat exchangers The turbine and secondary compressor run on the same shaft, with turbine driving the compressor
Regenerative System
Ambient air enters the inlet section, gets compressed due to ramming action and the process is shown by line ab on TS diagram
Further compression takes place in the main compressor an dthe process is represented by line bc on TS diagram The high pressure and high temperature air taken from the main compressor is first cooled in the primary heat exchanger by the rammed air, process represented by line cd on TS diagram It is then cooled in the regenerative heat exchanger by a part of cold air from the turbine discharge (process de) The air then expands through the turbine to the desired cabin pressure represented by process ef on TS diagram
The effectiveness of the heat exchanger, E is a measure of how close the temperature of compressed air leaving the heat exchanger approaches the temperature of the entering ambient air -----------------------(5)
Where is the temperature of compressed air leaving the heat exchanger and is the entering temperature of the ambient air
Problem 1
For a simple air-refrigeration system of an air-craft flying at an altitude of 1500 m (ambient conditions there is 0.8 bar and -15 C), the ram air temperature and pressure are 27 C and 1.05 bar respectively. At the end of isentropic compression, the air is at 100 C , and is cooled to 40 C using ram air. The air is then passed to the cooling turbine, where it expands to the cabin pressure. Thetemperature of air at exit from the turbine is -10 C. If the air leaves the cabin at 27 C, obtain:
The maximum pressure in the system The COP
The power input to the compressor for 0.4 kg/s of air flow. Take
and = 1.4
An open-cycle Aircraft cooling system Cold air out (To air cabin) Warm air in
COP = ?
Gas refrigeration Cycle with regeneration