National Child Trafficking Advice Centre

CPAS Division

Child Trafficking Advice Centre is a service for professionals

Staffed by qualified social workers and a seconded National Crime Agency Police Liaison officer, all having child protection and international work experience. Our partners are Home Office, UK Human Trafficking Centre, Child Exploitation and Online Protection. We are guided by a young peoples advisory group made up of young people who have experienced being trafficked into the UK

CTAC WORK
Co-ordinate and advise professionals through; free phone line, email or in person. Raise awareness by; delivering training, young peoples input, meetings, publications and website Advocate for children by attending statutory meetings, case work, expert witness reports Influence, support and challenge professionals Monitor and report on child trafficking trends and share with partners Promote multi-agency response to child trafficking. First Responder to the National Referral Mechanism

Focus of our work

International

National

Professionals

Child

What is child trafficking?

The movement of a child for the purposes of exploitation. Any child transported for exploitative reasons is considered to be a trafficking victim.

Children cannot give informed consent.

If you suspect a child has been trafficked refer to childrens services, police. Internationally follow your internal child protection procedures and refer to agencies where agreements are in place.
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Legislation
Child Care UN Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 The Children Act 1989 Immigration Section 55 of Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act Asylum and Immigration Act 2004 Criminal Coroners and Justice Act 2009

The Children Act 2004

The Children Order 1995 (Northern Ireland) Children (Scotland) Act 1995

Criminal Justice and Licensing Act (Scotland) 2010 Asylum and Criminal Justice Act Immigration (Treatment (Scotland) 2003 of Claimants etc) Act 2004 Sexual Offences Act 2003

What is the difference between

Safeguarding
Is a pro-active measure to ensure all systems and policies in your establishment minimise risk of harm to all children
and

Child Protection
Is a re-active response to a child who is suffering or likely to suffer significant harm

The Assessment Framework

NE ED S
Health Education Basic Care

P A R
Ensuring Safety Emotiona l Warmth

AL

PM EN T

Emotional & Behavioural Development Identity Family & Social Relationships Social Presentation Selfcare Skills

IN

DE VE LO

D S

CHILD Safeguarding and promoting welfare

Stimulation

C A P A C
Guidance & Boundaries

IL

IT

CH

Stability

Y
FAMILY & ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSFa m
W

Co

Fa mm Ho Inc Em mi us om un l p y l s ing oy ity e S me Re oc nt so ial urc Int eg es rat ion

ily ide Hi sto rF ry am & ily Fu nc ti

on ing

Laming report paragraph 16.10

The basic requirement that children are kept safe is universal and cuts across cultural boundaries. Every child living in this country is entitled to be given the protection of the law, regardless of his or her background.

What are children Trafficked for?

criminal activity cannabis cultivation, street crimes,
sexual exploitation domestic servitude

exploitative labour: nail bars, restaurants

informal fostering arrangements for possible benefit fraud forced marriage moving drugs removal of organs, child soldiers, camel jockeying Illegal adoption miracle babies
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Nationalities of young people Number of cases referred to CTAC referred between from& start of service in930 September 2007 October 2013 is September 2007 to March 2010
Caribbean 1% Not Known 3% North America 0% South America 1% Middle East 1%

Africa 32% Europe 25%

Asia 37%

Number of Cases by Exploitation Type From September 2007 To October 2013

250 220 200

150 118 100 99 84

71
58 50 18 1 0 1 16 9 5 3

DVD

LISTEN TO ME

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Possible Risk Indicators

Foreign National Child Brought or moved from another country Has false documentation or no passport or ID With an adult, but unclear what the relationship Concerns about relationship between parent/child With adult who speaks for the child Orphaned or separated from family or main carers Possesses money or goods not accounted for Physical symptoms; pregnant, STIs, sexual or physical assault, poor dental health Emotional health concerns

Has not been registered with G.P or is registered May or may not be enrolled at school. Homeless An unrelated or new child discovered at an address. Found in brothel or sauna. Involved in criminal activity: cannabis factory, begging, pick pocketing, Maybe working in; catering , nail bars, caring for children, cleaning etc. Missing

CTAC Young People

Helped develop the service. Attend from across the UK who have specialist knowledge on child trafficking. Art work and creative writing. Give advice, information and recommendations based on their experiences with professionals. Deliver presentations and lectures. Give consultation on policy and research. Interviews for media and academic research.
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Our life experiences are true, but professionals just cant or wont believe us

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Q & As

Resources
ACPO Guidance http://ceop.police.uk/Documents/ceopdocs/externaldocs/160810_ACP O_lead's_position_on_CYP_recovered_from_cannabis_farms_FINAL.p df CPS http://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/h_to_k/human_trafficking_and_smuggling/ National Referral Mechanism http://www.nspcc.org.uk/Inform/resourcesforprofessionals/childtraffickin g/national_referral_mechanism_wda84858.html Trafficking toolkit http://www.londonscb.gov.uk/trafficking/

Resources
R v O case in full http://ec.europa.eu/antitrafficking/download.action;jsessionid=J1CvQwlWGK0s0YVZFglwWc3nVZ W4vdmsyvryXnpD8LFyWhTQnshN!-1841744785?nodeId=9c0f08c8-b00b4336-aef0e7546cdd3596&fileName=R+v.+O+2008+EWCA+Crim+2835.pdf&fileType= pdf R v HVN and others judgement http://www.judiciary.gov.uk/Resources/JCO/Documents/Judgments/l-hvnthn-t-v-r-judgment.pdf UKHTC 2012 Threat Assessment http://ec.europa.eu/antitrafficking/download.action;jsessionid=BvCQS8yYnjhcBx0fGynfSGxTQYQ0GM gCnhgyF6zsvCmynJh92GyJ!1950994347?nodePath=/Publications/A+Strategic +Assessment+on+the+Nature+and+Scale+of+Human+Trafficking+in+2012.pdf &fileName=A+Strategic+Assessment+on+the+Nature+and+Scale+of+Human+ Trafficking+in+2012.pdf

Publications
Safeguarding children who may have been trafficked (2011) https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/standard/publicationDetail/Page1/DF E-00084-2011
London Safeguarding Children Board Trafficked children toolkit & guidance http://www.londonscb.gov.uk/trafficking/

UKHTC UK Human Trafficking Centre- overview of human trafficking: http://www.soca.gov.uk/about-soca/about-the-ukhtc/an-overview-of-humantrafficking UKBA Code of Practice for Keeping Children Safe from Harm: www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk

Publications continued
Protecting Children in a Globalized World Race and Place in the Laming Report on the Death of Victoria Climbi- Paul Michael Garrett http://jsw.sagepub.com/content/6/3/315.abstract
Social Work, Immigration and Asylum: Debates, Dilemmas and Ethical Issues for Social Work and Social Care Practice http://www.amazon.co.uk/Social-Work-Immigration-Asylum-ebook/dp/B004CCRU5A Human Trafficking Handbook - Recognizing Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery in the UK http://www.lexisnexis.co.uk/store/uk/catalog/productdetail.jsp?prodId=ukprod9781405765 596HTHP

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0800

NSPCC National Child Trafficking Advice Centre

0808 800 5000

9:30am-4:30pm Monday to Friday

www.nspcc.org.uk/ctac