Bonam Venkata Chalamayya

Engineering College, Odalarevu

Under the guidance of Mrs.Ch.Sridevi, M.Tech., MIETE., MISTE Associate Professor , Dept. of ECE

Presented by

Sravan Kumar Gunturi 10221D5512

INTRODUCTION EMBEDDED HARDWARE SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION RESULTS CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE

Mine security system detects: potential accidents strengthens early warnings improves the efficiency of rescuing

Deficiencies of the existing equipment high power consumption poor signal quality short transmission distance

Salient features of the proposed mine security system : o ARM9 S3C2440 o Sensor Controlling Board o Sensors o USB Camera o LCD o Ethernet

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

Snap shot of External Hardware

The System is mainly composed of ARM9 board S3C2440, sensor controlling board which controls sensors like LDR, gas sensor and temperature sensor. The sensor board is interfaced to ARM board by RS232 serial port. Here the RS-232 unit is used to access the sensors data by ARM9 board. Sensors used for monitoring different conditions are temperature sensor, LDR and gas sensors.

The monitored conditions are sent to ARM9 board through serial communication and they are displayed on PC using Ethernet. The data can be viewed on any remote PC which is interfaced to LAN network. The regulated power supply function is to supply external 12V intrinsic safety power and system board power. The Ethernet module is used to complete transmission of video information and sensors information.

The proposed system uses Samsung S3C2440 ARM9 family as processor which has operating frequency up to 400 MHz

ARM9 S3C2440 processor is a 32-bit RISC CPU designed by ARM. It uses Harvard architecture with separate instruction and data buses. The S3C2440 is developed with ARM920T core, 0.13um CMOS standard cells and a memory complier. It adopts a new bus architecture known as Advanced Micro controller Bus Architecture(AMBA)

Lower overheating than ARM7 Improved Clock frequency [400Mhz] Five stage Pipelining.

"Enhanced DSP" instructions incorporated in cores.

for example: multiply and accumulate

On board 64MB SDRAM.

32 bit data bus.

Onboard 64MB Non-Volatile NAND flash memory. 2MB NOR flash memory. 3 serial ports. One USB host. One SD-CARD interface. One stereo audio output interface.

One stereo audio output interface

4 user LEDs & 6 user buttons

One PWM control buzzer One 20pin camera interface RTC battery on board Power supply interface, with switch and indicator One 20pin camera interface

Atmel 8 bit controller is used as the master chip of the sensor extension board.

It is connected to various types of sensors to constitute a

sensor network. This network collects environmental data and transmits them to the ARM Intelligent Monitoring Centre through serial ports. The sensor network includes:
LM35temperature sensor, Gas sensor Light Dependent resistor sensor (LDR)

Temperature Sensor:

LM35 is used as a temperature sensor. When temperature increases, the voltage across a diode increases at a known rate. Sensors use this technique to determine the temperature rise.

Important characteristic of the LM35DZ is that it draws only 60 micro amps from its supply and possesses a low self-heating capability.

Light sensor:

light dependent resistor(LDR) is a type of semiconductor and its conductivity changes with proportional change in

the intensity of light.

when light is incident on it, a photon is absorbed and thereby it excites an electron from valence band into conduction band. Due to such new electrons coming up in conduction band area, the electrical resistance of the device decreases.

A webcam is a video camera that feeds its images in real time to a computer or computer network, often via USB, Ethernet, or Wi-Fi Webcams typically include a lens, an image sensor which are can be CMOS or CCD Each frame is transmitted uncompressed in RGB or YUV or compressed as JPEG. The USB video device class specification interconnectivity of webcams to computers allows for

Camera to display a preview of the current acquisition

image.

The system uses Samsung's 320 240 pixel LCD screen, the size of 106.68 cm.

The depth of each pixel LCD screen is 2 bit, using RGB565

color space.

Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies

for local area networks (LANs).

Systems communicating over Ethernet divide a stream of data into individual packets called frames.

Each frame contains source and destination addresses and

error-checking data. Damaged data can be detected and re-transmitted.

Linux 2.4 kernel operating system is used.

The kernel is a program that constitutes the central core of

a computer operating system. It has complete control over everything that occurs in the system.

The embedded Linux operating system consists of

following:
Device drivers

Linux kernel
File system

The application program includes video acquisition module, sensors module and transmission module.

Multitasking

Multiuser
Multiplatform Multithreading Crash proof Free and Open source code for all

After the switching on the kit, the web camera will start the capturing and the captured video is being processed by S3C2440board

The sensor controlling board gives the environmental parameters like temperature, light, smoke values to the monitoring center.

Here a remote PC is used in the network which monitors video and sensor parameters and from that web page

various devices in the mine (like fan in our proposed

system) can be controlled.

Snapshot of Result in Remote PC

Comprehensive monitoring equipment in mine. Can quickly complete video codec and achieve high image quality through the hardware. Low power consumption and small volume. Coincident with the requirement of intrinsic safety. Larger area and more depth inside hazardous underground

mines are now can be covered and potential accidents can be

controlled effectively.

Wireless communication interface can be used between the system and monitoring center. More number of sensors can be interfaced. Controlling levels of the mine security system can be increased.

A Traditional mine security system can be effectively replaced

by the surveillance and safety system proposed in the paper.

This system related to safety and security of underground mines.

The system is reliable, faithful, uninterrupted, economical

and user friendly. Proper monitoring and guiding is possible between the

workers and the ground staff which can help to take

appropriate actions more rapidly and smartly.