DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY PESHAWAR MEDICAL COLLEGE, PESHAWAR.

Dr. Muhammad Arif Assistant Professor Department of Ophthalmology

ORBIT
BONY CAVITIES IN THE SKULL CONTAINING

Globes EOM Nerves Vessels FAT pads Lacrimal gland Periorbita Orbital septum

Orbital Dimension
Volume Entrance height 30cc 35mm

Entrance width
Medial wall length Distance from posterior globe to optic foramen Length of orbital segment of optic nerve

40mm
45mm 18mm 25-30mm

Orbital anatomy

Floor Roof Lateral wall Medial wall

Developmental defects

Microphthalmos Anophthalmos Ccphaloccles

Evaluation of orbital diseases

Detail history Onset Duration of symptoms Injury Prior disease Systemic disease Family history

Course of symptoms

Pain Proptosis Progression Palpation Pulsation Periorbital changes

Examination

Visual acuity Refraction Color vision Pupils Extraocular motility Anterior segment Posterior segment Eyelids

Tools of examination

Exophthalmometry CT Scan orbit in brain MRI Orbital sonography Orbital endoscopy

Preseptal cellulitis

Preseptal cellulitis is defined as inflammation and infection confined to the eyelids and periorbital structures anterior to the orbital septum.

Organism causing

Haemophilus influenzae Gram-positive cocci Staphylococcus aureus

Investigations

History Clinical examination Blood complete Bacteriological examination

Treatment

Antibiotics Analgesics Surgical drainage

Orbital cellulitis

Active infection of the orbital soft tissue is present posterior to the orbital septum. Symptoms Fever Leukocytosis Proptosis Restriciton of ocular motility Pain on movement of the globe

causes

Paranasal sinuses Face and eyelids Dacryocystitis Dental infection Intracranial Trauma Dacryoadenitis Endophthalmitis

Treatment

Medical Surgical

Proptosis
Protrution: of the eyes secondary to and orbital space lesion Exophthalmos: proptosis secondary to dysthyroid disease.

Evaluation
History of proptosis Slow Abrupt Explosive Displacement Axial Medial Lateral

Evaluation

Diplopia Horizontal Vertical Pain Referred Ocular

Evaluation

Vision (Decrease) Slowly Progressive Not effected

BLOW OUT FRACTURE

EVALUATION AND TREATMENT